Mitochondrial and Y-chromosome haplogroups extracted
from historic human remains in Europe, or calculated from descendants,
arranged chronologically. For haplogroup nomenclature and aDNA issues
see Introduction to ancient DNA
|
Royal house
|
Country
|
Individual
|
Sex
|
Date of death
|
Y-DNA
|
mtDNA
|
Source
|
| Estridsen |
Denmark |
Sven II Estridsen, King of Denmark |
M |
d. 1074 AD |
|
|
H |
7028C |
Dissing 2007 |
|
Denmark |
Margrethe, alias Estrid, Queen of Denmark
(?Margareta Hasbjörnsdatter, spouse of King Harald III?)
|
F |
11th-century |
|
|
H5a2 |
16093C, 16304C, reported as H5a |
Dissing 2007 |
| Bjelbo
|
Sweden |
Birger
Magnusson |
M |
1266 |
I1 |
M253 |
H |
CRS |
Malmstrom 2011 |
| Bjelbo
|
Sweden |
Erik, son of Birger |
M |
1275 |
I1 |
M253 |
Z1a |
16129A, 16185T, 16223T, 16224C, 16260T, 16298C |
Malmstrom 2011 |
|
Sweden |
Mechtild of Holstein |
F |
1288 |
|
|
U5b1 |
16189C, 16270T |
Malmstrom 2011 |
| York |
England |
Richard III |
M |
1485 |
G2 |
P287; Differs from that of three male line descendants of Edward III
via John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster and Henry Somerset, 5th Duke of
Beaufort (1744–1803), which are U152 xL2,Z36,Z56,M126,M160,Z192.
Infidelity must therefore have taken place somewhere on either the York
or Lancester lines. |
J1c2c |
73G, 146C, 185A, 188G, 263G, 295T, 315.1C, 16069T, 16126C, |
Ehrenberg
2013; King 2014 |
| Bourbon |
France |
Henry IV (from 3 known male-line descendants) |
M |
1610 |
R1b1b2a1a1b |
U106, Z381 |
|
|
Larmuseau 2013 |
| Bourbon |
France |
Henry IV (from head thought to be his) |
M |
1610 |
|
Partial Y-STR profile matching that thought to be Louis XVI (below),
but the latter is now discredited |
U5b* |
16239T 16270T 16311C |
Charlier 2012 |
| Mukhrani |
Kakheti [Georgia] |
Ketevan |
F |
1624 |
|
|
U1b |
|
Rai 2013 |
| Bourbon |
France |
Louis XVI (from blood presumed to be his, but see details) |
M |
1793 |
[G2a] |
M52A, M216G, M174A, M181T, M201T, M91A, M96G, M214A; Does not
match that of Bourboun descendants, and genome does not match the
appearance of Louis XVI |
N1b |
73G, 151T, 152C, 189G, 194T, 195C, 263G, 315.1C, 16093C, 16145A,
16176(G), 16223T |
Lalueza-Fox 2010; Larmuseau 2013; Olalde 2014 |
| Bonaparte |
France |
Napoleon Bonaparte |
M |
1821 |
E1b1b1b2a1d |
M123, M34, L791, L792 |
|
16184T |
Lucotte 2011; Lucotte
2013 |
| Saxe-Coburg and Gotha |
UK |
Victoria, as deduced from living descendants in the female line and
the remains of the Empress Alexandra Feodorovna and her children |
F |
1901 |
|
|
H |
263G, 315.1C, 524.1A,524.2C,750G, 1438G, 3010A, 4137T, 4769G, 8860G,
15326G, 16111T, 16357C, 16519C |
Rogaev 2009; Coble 2009 |
| Romanov |
Russia |
Nicholas II |
M |
1918 |
R1b |
|
T* |
16126C, 16169Y*, 16294T, 16296T, 73G, 263G, 315.1C
* Y= heteroplasmy
|
Rogaev 2009; Coble 2009 |
