In order to study admixture in Mongoloids I created a DIYDodecad calculator based on a K = 16 ADMIXTURE analysis of all of the non-Mongoloid populations in the HGDP dataset, along with the Dai. I expected the Dai to have the least amount of non-Mongoloid admixture, so I used them as the reference relative to which all of the other Mongoloid populations would be analyzed. At the bottom of the post are the mean admixture percentages, the calculator plot, and the ADMIXTURE plot.
The results do not give much support to my idea that the Japanese are especially genetically primed for Western civilization. Most of their Caucasoid admixture is from the Burusho component, not the Nordic component. They do have more of the Burusho and Nordic components than the main Han group, but the differences are not large. The Han from northern China have almost as much of the Burusho component as the Japanese, and they have more of the Nordic component than the Japanese.
The amount of both the Burusho and the Nordic components tends to be larger for the more northern populations.
The Melanesian and Papuan components are the genetic residue of the Polynesoids who once inhabited East Asia.
The Yoruba component is from the Negritoids who once inhabited parts of Asia. Both the Yoruba and Negritos have Y haplogroup DE.
With the removal of the Japanese and Yakut components from the calculator, the Amerindians now show more of the Nordic component.
I think that the Burusho, Brahui, and Kalash components are from Y C3-M217 proto-Caucasoids. As proto-Caucasoids, they would have been evolutionarily intermediate between Veddoids and Caucasoids. I think that their cranial morphology was Caucasoid, but that most of their other physical features were Veddoid. The map below of the distribution of C3-M217 gives a sense of what was once the distribution of these proto-Caucasoids.
I now think that the Amurians were some of these C3-M217 proto-Caucasoids, not Nordics or proto-Nordics.
I think that Japan was first peopled sometime before 30,000 BC by Y D2-M55 Polynesoids coming from the south. I think that the Jōmon were C3-M217 proto-Caucasoid Amurians who came to Japan sometime around 14,000 BC from the north, by way of Sakhalin.
The earthenware pottery characteristic of the Incipient Jōmon period first appears at around the same time in both northern Japan and the Amur River basin.
The above map shows that, within Japan, C3-M217 has its highest frequency in the northern part of Japan, and that the frequency is even higher in northern Sakhalin and around the Amur River.
The map also shows that C3-M217 has a secondary peak in Kyushu, and that the levels of C3-M217 are much lower in the middle of Japan, in Shikoku and Honshu. I think that the C3-M217 in the south of Japan is unrelated to the C3-M217 in the north of Japan, and that it arrived much later, possibly around the time of the Mongol invasions.
The above scenario for the peopling of Japan is consistent with the results of the K = 5 craniometric admixture analysis, which showed that the Caucasoid component is modal for the northern Japanese skulls, while the Polynesoid component is modal for the southern Japanese skulls.
The frequency of C3-M217 in the Ainu is between 12.5% and 25%, with the rest being D2-M55. This is consistent with the craniometric admixture analysis, which showed that the Polynesoid component is modal for the Ainu.
I still think that the people of the Mal’ta-Buret’ culture were Nordic. Most of the Venus figurines are associated with the Gravettian culture, and the Gravettian culture is associated with Y Hg I. The map of the distribution of I below shows the presence of I in an area immediately to the west of Lake Baikal, which is exactly where the Mal’ta-Buret’ culture was located.
Some amount of the Nordic component is present in all of the Mongoloid individuals. Some of this may be due to the Y I people of the Mal’ta-Buret’ culture, but I think that most of it is from Y R1a Indo-European Nordics who spread out over Asia in the past 6000 years. The Tarim people, the Tocharians, the people of the Afanasevo and Andronovo cultures, and the Scythians were all part of this Nordic expansion.
Aside from the Amerindians, the Uygurs, and the Hazara, the HGDP Mongoloid population with the most of the Nordic component are the Yakuts. The Yakuts inhabit the Sakha Republic, and the map of the distribution of R1a below shows that R1a is present in the area of the Lena River and the Sakha Republic.
The population with the next largest amount of the Nordic component are the Mongols. The most famous Mongol in history is Genghis Khan. I recommend that people read the “Physical appearance” section of the Wikipedia article on Genghis Khan. It talks about his “glittering” ancestor who was “tall, long-bearded, red-haired, and green-eyed”.
You can see lots of photographs showing the influence of the Nordic element in Mongols in this thread.
Since the Amurians were not Nordic, that leaves only the Solutreans and the White Gods as the possible sources for the Nordic component in Amerindians.
She Han Miao Tujia Lahu Han-NChina Yi Japanese
Dai 71.29 70.79 70.61 70.06 69.33 65.93 65.42 65.40
Burusho 15.24 16.17 16.34 16.93 16.82 19.09 19.88 19.79
Nordic 1.36 1.58 1.24 1.56 1.21 2.38 1.20 1.87
Melanesian 6.05 5.72 5.84 5.43 5.76 5.43 5.65 6.12
Brahui 1.80 1.68 1.75 1.43 2.63 2.61 2.40 2.21
Kalash 1.59 1.24 1.51 1.50 1.08 1.56 1.64 1.18
Papuan 1.40 1.50 1.47 1.82 1.98 1.46 2.30 2.08
Yoruba 0.42 0.49 0.43 0.49 0.53 0.53 0.58 0.63
Druze 0.19 0.23 0.17 0.17 0.08 0.32 0.15 0.14
Mediterranean 0.12 0.06 0.04 0.07 0.07 0.17 0.06 0.05
Palestinian 0.12 0.16 0.09 0.10 0.13 0.14 0.09 0.06
Bedouin 0.06 0.08 0.19 0.11 0.04 0.10 0.10 0.03
Biaka 0.16 0.10 0.14 0.13 0.10 0.13 0.15 0.10
Mozabite 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.14 0.11 0.13 0.17
Mbuti 0.09 0.08 0.10 0.11 0.08 0.03 0.18 0.13
San 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.04 0.05
Naxi Cambodian Hezhen Daur Xibo Tu Oroqen Mongola
Dai 64.79 62.86 62.30 60.90 60.43 60.30 60.02 59.72
Burusho 20.47 18.35 21.01 20.73 21.82 21.87 22.17 21.22
Nordic 1.80 1.56 3.73 4.89 5.28 3.50 5.06 5.66
Melanesian 5.05 5.81 5.56 5.65 4.74 5.25 5.71 5.17
Brahui 2.38 4.75 2.26 2.89 2.74 3.56 2.36 3.20
Kalash 1.81 1.90 1.57 1.56 1.74 1.94 1.51 1.87
Papuan 2.40 2.52 2.15 1.76 1.75 1.81 1.83 1.40
Yoruba 0.58 0.73 0.43 0.53 0.47 0.30 0.46 0.37
Druze 0.15 0.34 0.43 0.29 0.40 0.32 0.33 0.49
Mediterranean 0.02 0.09 0.09 0.15 0.13 0.17 0.03 0.20
Palestinian 0.07 0.37 0.03 0.14 0.15 0.26 0.08 0.10
Bedouin 0.13 0.06 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.21 0.13 0.15
Biaka 0.14 0.24 0.09 0.10 0.05 0.19 0.14 0.15
Mozabite 0.14 0.21 0.11 0.12 0.04 0.22 0.06 0.17
Mbuti 0.06 0.12 0.10 0.12 0.07 0.09 0.09 0.11
San 0.02 0.09 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.01
Yakut Karitiana Pima Surui Colombian Maya Uygur Hazara
Dai 49.44 40.69 40.44 40.37 40.02 36.15 30.57 28.77
Burusho 24.27 29.07 27.42 28.59 28.30 25.82 25.27 25.39
Nordic 12.51 15.96 17.71 16.48 16.74 21.90 16.70 15.37
Melanesian 4.75 4.34 4.36 4.72 5.02 4.17 2.58 2.10
Brahui 3.98 3.48 3.74 3.83 3.66 3.96 14.17 17.70
Kalash 1.98 3.91 4.01 3.99 3.67 3.68 3.36 3.73
Papuan 1.64 1.90 1.57 1.50 0.78 1.15 0.53 0.88
Yoruba 0.38 0.26 0.36 0.26 1.23 1.77 0.17 0.26
Druze 0.28 0.01 0.07 0.04 0.12 0.28 2.30 1.80
Mediterranean 0.26 0.13 0.04 0.06 0.11 0.27 2.10 1.91
Palestinian 0.13 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.02 1.34 0.84
Bedouin 0.14 0.03 0.02 0.04 0.01 0.09 0.62 0.87
Biaka 0.07 0.13 0.11 0.03 0.25 0.29 0.02 0.08
Mozabite 0.09 0.00 0.00 0.05 0.00 0.25 0.20 0.19
Mbuti 0.06 0.04 0.15 0.04 0.07 0.12 0.05 0.08
San 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.03
