From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Contents
Frequencies in some ethnic groups in Europe[edit]
The table below shows the human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups, based on relevant studies, for variousethnic and other notable groups fromEurope. The samples are taken from individuals identified with the ethnic and linguistic designations shown in the first two columns; the third column gives the sample size studied; and the other columns give the percentage for each particular haplogroup. (Ethnic groups from the North Caucasus, although technically located in Europe, are considered in their own article where they are placed alongside populations of the South Caucasus for the purpose of conserving space.)
| Population | Language | n | R1b | R1a | I | E1b1b | J | G | N | T | Others | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Albanians | IE (Albanian) | 51 | 17.6 | 9.8 | 19.6 | 21.6 | 23.5 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | — | Semino2000[2] |
| Albanians(Kosovar) | IE (Albanian) | 114 | 21.10 | 4.42 | I1=5.31 I2a2=2.65 | 47.37 | J2=16.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | P[xQ,R1]=1.77 | Pericic2005[3] |
| Albanians(Tirana) | IE (Albanian) | 30 | 13.3 | 13.3 | 16.7 | 23.3 | 20.0 | 3.3 | — | — | — | Bosch2006[4] |
| Albanians | IE (Albanian) | 55 | 18.2 | 9.1 | I1=3.6 I2a=14.5 I2b=3.6 | 25.5 | J1=3.6 J2=20.0 | 1.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | — | Battaglia2008[5] |
| Albanians(Macedonia) | IE (Albanian) | 64 | 18.8 | 1.6 | I1=4.5 I2a=12.5 | 39.1 | J1=6.3 J2=15.6 | 1.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | — | Battaglia2008[5] |
| Albanians | IE (Albanian) | 106 | — | — | 23.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Arkhangelsk (Russia) | IE (Slavic), Uralic | 28 | 0 | 17.9 | 50.0 | 3.6 | 0 | 0 | 28.6 | 0 | 0 | Mirabal2009[7] |
| Andalusians | IE (Italic) | 29 | 65.5 | 0.0 | — | — | — | 0.0 | 0.0 | 6.9 | L=3.4 | Semino2000[2] |
| Andalusians | IE (Italic) | 103 | — | — | 3.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Andalusians | IE (Italic) | 76 | — | — | — | 9.2 | 1.1 | — | — | — | — | Semino2004[8] |
| Aromuns(Dukasi, Albania) | IE (Italic) | 39 | 2.6 | 2.6 | 17.9 | 17.9 | 48.7 | 10.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | — | Bosch2006[4] |
| Aromuns(Andon Poci, Albania) | IE (Italic) | 19 | 36.8 | 0.0 | 42.1 | 15.8 | 5.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | — | Bosch2006[4] |
| Aromuns(Kruševo, Macedonia) | IE (Italic) | 43 | 27.9 | 11.6 | 20.9 | 20.9 | 11.6 | 7.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | — | Bosch2006[4] |
| Aromuns (Štip, Macedonia) | IE (Italic) | 65 | 23.1 | 21.5 | 16.9 | 18.5 | 20.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | — | Bosch2006[4] |
| Aromuns(Romania) | IE (Italic) | 42 | 23.8 | 2.4 | 19.0 | 7.1 | 33.3 | 0.0 | — | — | — | Bosch2006[4] |
| Ashkenazi Jews | IE (Germanic, West) | 79 | — | 12.7 | — | 22.8 | 43.0 | — | — | — | — | Nebel2001[9] |
| Ashkenazi Jews | IE (Germanic, West) | 442 | — | — | 4.1 | 19.7 | 38.0 | 9.7 | 0.2 | — | Behar2004[10] | |
| Austrians | IE (Germanic, West) | 219 | 32 | 14 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Bashkirs (Perm) | Altaic (Turkic) | 43 | 86.0 | 9.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 0.0 | — | Lobov[11] |
| Basque(French, Spanish) | Basque (Basque) | 67 | 88.1 | 0.0 | 7.5 | 2.2 | 3.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | — | Semino2000[2] |
| Basque(French, Spanish) | Basque (Basque) | 109 | 92.7 | — | — | 0.9 | 3.7 | — | — | 0.9 | — | Adams2008[12] |
| Bavarians | IE (Germanic, West) | 80 | 50.0 | 15.0 | — | 8.0 | 5.0 | — | 0.0 | 0.0 | — | Rosser2000[13] |
| Belgians | IE (Germanic/Italic) | 92 | 63.0 | 4.0 | — | 2.0 | — | — | — | — | — | Rosser2000[13] |
| Belarusians | IE (Slavic, East) | 41 | 0.0 | 39.0 | — | 10.0 | — | — | 2.4 | — | — | Rosser2000[13] |
| Belarusians | IE (Slavic, East) | 147 | — | — | 19.0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Belarusians | IE (Slavic, East) | 68 | 4.4 | 45.6 | 25.0 | 4.4 | — | 1.5 | 8.8 | — | — | Kharkov2005[14] |
| Belarusians | IE (Slavic, East) | 306 | 4.2 | 51.0 | — | 4.6 | 3.3 | — | 9.5 | — | — | Behar2003[15] |
| Bearnais | IE (Italic) | 26 | — | — | 7.7 | — | 3.8 | — | — | — | — | Semino2004[8] |
| Bearnais | IE (Italic) | 43 | — | — | — | 3.7 | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Bosnians | IE (Slavic, South) | 69 | 1.4 | 24.6 | 42.0 | 10.1 | 0.0 | — | — | — | — | Pericic2005[3] |
| British | IE (Germanic, West) | 32 | 68.8 | 9.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Helgason2000[16] |
| Bulgarians | IE (Slavic, South) | 127 | 11.0 | 17.3 | 27.5 | 19.7 | 18.1 | 1.6 | — | 0.8 | — | Karachanak2009[17] |
| Bulgarians | IE (Slavic, South) | 808 | 10.7 | 17.5 | I*=0.4 I1=4.3 I2a=20.2 I2b=1.7 | 22.1 | J1=3.4 J2=10.5 | 4.8 | 0.5 | 1.6 | C=0.5 H=0.6 L=0.2 Q=0.4 R2a=0.1 | Karachanak2013[18] |
| Bulgarians | IE (Slavic, South) | 100 | 14.0 | 16.0 | 34.0 | 21.0 | 9.0 | 2.0 | 1.0 | 2.0 | others H 1.0 | Begoña Martinez-Cruz2012[19] |
| Catalans | IE (Italic) | 24 | 79.2 | 0.0 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 8.0 | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Catalans | IE (Italic) | 33 | — | — | — | 6.1 | 3.6 | — | — | — | — | Semino2004[8] |
| Cantabrians(Pasiegos) | IE (Italic) | 56 | — | — | — | 42.9 | — | — | — | — | — | Cruciani2004[20] |
| Chuvashes | Altaic (Turkic) | 79 | 3.8 | 31.6 | 11.3 | 0 | 24.2 | 0 | 27.8 | 0 | — | Tambets2004[21] |
| Croats(mainland) | IE (Slavic, South) | 108 | 15.7 | 34.3 | 37.0 | 5.6 | 1.9 | 0.9 | — | — | — | Pericic2005[3] |
| Croats (mainland) | IE (Slavic, South) | 189 | — | — | 38.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Cypriots | IE (Greek) | 45 | 9.0 | 2.0 | — | 27.0 | — | — | — | — | — | Rosser2000[13] |
| Czechs | IE (Slavic, West) | 257 | — | 34.2 | 18.3 | 5.8 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 1.6 | — | — | Luca2007[22] |
| Czechs andSlovaks | IE (Slavic, West) | 45 | 35.6 | 26.7 | — | 2.2 | — | — | — | — | — | Semino2000[2] |
| Czechs and Slovaks | IE (Slavic, West) | 198 | — | — | 13.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Danes | IE (Germanic, North) | 12 | 41.7 | 16.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Helgason2000[16] |
| Danes | IE (Germanic, North) | 194 | — | — | 38.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Danes | IE (Germanic, North) | 35 | — | — | — | 2.9 | — | — | — | — | — | Cruciani2004[20] |
| Dutch | IE (Germanic, West) | 27 | 70.4 | 3.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Semino2000[2] |
| Dutch | IE (Germanic, West) | — | — | 26.7[6] | 8.0[13] | 0[8] | — | — | — | — | ||
| Dutch | IE (Germanic, West) | 410 | 50.2 | 3.3 | 32.9 | 2.9 | 5.1 | 4.1 | 0.2 | — | — | Barjesteh2008[23]> |
| English(Central) | IE (Germanic, West) | 215 | 61.9 | 5 | 25 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Weale2002[24] |
| Estonians | Uralic (Finnic) | 207 | 9.0 | — | — | 3.0 | 1.0 | — | 40.6 | — | — | Rosser2000[13] |
| Estonians | Uralic (Finnic) | 118 | — | 37.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Laitinen2002[25] |
| Estonians | Uralic (Finnic) | 210 | — | — | 18.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Finns | Uralic (Finnic) | 57 | 2.0 | 10.5 | — | 2.0 | — | — | 63.2 | — | — | Rosser2000[13] |
| Finns | Uralic (Finnic) | 38 | 0.0 | 7.9 | 28.9 | — | — | — | 63.2 | — | — | [21] |
| French | IE (Italic) | 23 | 52.2 | 0 | 17.4 | 8.7 | 4.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | Semino2000[2] |
| French | IE (Italic) | 40 | — | — | — | 8.0 | — | — | — | — | — | Rosser2000[13] |
| Frisians | IE (Germanic, West) | 94 | 56.0 | 7.0 | 29.0 | 2.0 | 6.0 | — | — | — | — | Wilson2001[26] |
| Frisians | IE (Germanic, West) | 94 | 55.3 | 7.4 | 34.0 | 2.1 | 1.4 | — | — | — | — | Weale2002[24] |
| Gagauz (Kongaz) | Altaic (Turkic) | 48 | 10.4 | 12.5 | 31.3 | 16.7 | 8.3 | 10.4 | 4.2 | 6.3 | — | Varzari2006[27] |
| Gagauz (Etulia) | Altaic (Turkic) | 41 | 14.6 | 26.8 | 24.4 | 9.8 | 7.3 | 17.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | — | Varzari2006[27] |
| Germans | IE (Germanic, West) | 48 | 47.9 | 8.1 | 22 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Helgason2000[16] |
| Germans | IE (Germanic, West) | 16 | 50 | 16 | 22 | 6.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | — | Semino2000[2] |
| Germans | IE (Germanic) | 1215 | 38.9 | 17.9 | 23.6 | 6.2 | 4.0 | — | 1.6 | — | 7.7 | Kayser2005[28] |
| Greeks | IE (Greek) | 77 | 11.7 | 15.6 | 19.5 | 20.8 | 16.9 | 9.1 | 0.0 | 2.6 | — | Firasat2007[29] |
| Greeks | IE (Greek) | 118 | 22.8 | 8.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Helgason2000[16] |
| Greeks | IE (Greek) | 84/92 | — | — | — | 23.8 | 6.5 | — | — | — | — | Semino2004[8] |
| Greeks | IE (Greek) | 171 | 13.5 | 11.1 | 15.8 | 31.6 | 19.9 | 4.7 | — | 1.8 | — | King2008[30] |
| Greeks (Crete) | IE (Greek) | 193 | 17.0 | 8.8 | 13.0 | 8.8 | 38.9 | 10.9 | — | 2.1 | — | King2008[30] |
| Greeks (Peloponnese) | IE (Greek) | 36 | — | — | — | 47 | — | — | — | — | — | Semino2004[8] |
| Greeks (Thrace) | IE (Greek) | 41 | 12.2 | 22.0 | 19.5 | 19.5 | 19.5 | 4.9 | — | — | — | Bosch2006[4] |
| Greeks (North) | IE (Greek) | 96 | 14.6 | 18.8 | 12.5 | 35.4 | — | 5.2 | — | 2.1 | L=1 | Zalloua2008[31] |
| Greeks (South) | IE (Greek) | 46 | 19.6 | 2.2 | 23.9 | 43.5 | — | 6.5 | — | 2.2 | — | Zalloua2008[31] |
| Greeks (Macedonia) | IE (Greek) | 57 | 14.0 | 12.3 | I1=8.8 I2a=21.0 | 22.9 | J1=1.8 J2=14.1 | 1.8 | — | 1.8 | — | Battaglia 2008[5] |
| Gypsy (Macedonia) | IE (Indic) | 57 | 1.8 | 1.8 | 5.3 | 29.8 | 1.8 | 0 | — | — | H=59.6 | Pericic2005[3] |
| Herzegovinians | IE (Slavic, South) | 141 | 3.6 | 12.1 | 63.8 | 8.5 | 0.7 | — | — | — | — | Pericic2005[3] |
| Hungarians | Uralic (Ugric) | 215 | 18.1 | 25.6 | I1=7.91 I2a=16.74 I2b=2.79 I*=0.93 | 6.1 | J2=6.51 J*[xJ2]=3.72 | 4.2 | 0.47 | 0.0 | H=5.12 R2=0.47 R1*=1.40 | Völgyi2008[32] |
| Hungarians | Uralic (Ugric) | 45 | 13.3 | 60.0 | 11.1 | 8.9 | 2.2 | 2.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | L=2.2 | Semino2000[2] |
| Hungarians | Uralic (Ugric) | — | 56.6[5] | — | 9.4[8] | 2.0[8] | 8.0[33] | 1.0 | — | — | ||
| Icelanders | IE (Germanic, North) | 181 | 41.4 | 23.8 | 34.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Helgason2000[16] |
| Irish | IE (Celtic) | 222 | 81.5 | 0.5 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Helgason2000[16] |
| Irish | IE (Celtic) | 257 | — | — | — | 2.0 | — | — | — | — | — | Rosser2000[13] |
| Italians | IE (Italic) | 50 | 62.0 | — | 8.0 | — | — | 10.0 | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Italians | IE (Italic) | — | 2.7[16] | — | 13.0[13] | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| Italians (Calabria) | IE (Italic) | 32.4[2] | — | 5.4[6] | 16.3[3] | 24.6[8] | — | — | — | — | ||
| Italians (Apulia) | IE (Italic) | — | — | 2.6[6] | 13.9[8] | 31.4[8] | — | — | — | — | ||
| Italians (Sardinia) | IE (Italic) | 22.1[2] | — | 42.3[6] | 5.0[8] | 12.5[8] | — | — | — | — | ||
| Italians (Northern Sardinia) | IE (Italic) | 86 | 20.0 | 0.0 | 28.0 | 13.0 | — | 21.0 | — | 0.0 | — | Zalloua2008[31] |
| Italians (Southern Sardinia) | IE (Italic) | 187 | 19.0 | 1.0 | 35.0 | 11.0 | — | 14.0 | — | 0.0 | — | Zalloua2008[31] |
| Italians (North-central) | IE (Italic) | 62.0[2] | — | 0.5[6] | 10.4[3] | 26.9[8] | — | — | — | — | ||
| Italians (South) | IE (Italic) | 68 | 25.0 | 3.0 | 6.0 | 26.0 | — | 15.0 | — | 3.0 | — | Zalloua2008[31] |
| Italians (Sicily) | IE (Italic) | — | — | 8.8 | 27.3 | 23.8 | — | — | — | — | Semino2004[8] | |
| Italians (East Sicily) | IE (Italic) | 87 | 20.0 | 2.3 | 5.0 | 29.0 | — | 5.0 | — | 5.0 | — | Zalloua2008[31] |
| Italians (West Sicily) | IE (Italic) | 125 | 27.0 | 2.4 | 11.0 | 19.0 | — | 13.0 | — | 3.0 | — | Zalloua2008[31] |
| Komi | Uralic (Finnic) | 94 | 16.0 | 33.0 | 5.3 | — | — | — | 35.1 | — | — | [21] |
| Komi (Izhemsky) | Uralic (Finnic) | 54 | 0.0 | 29.6 | 1.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 68.5 | 0.0 | — | Mirabal2009[7] |
| Komi (Priluzsky) | Uralic (Finnic) | 49 | 2.0 | 32.7 | 4.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 61.2 | 0.0 | — | Mirabal2009[7] |
| Kursk (Russia) | Slavic | 40 | 7.5 | 52.5 | 15.0 | 10.0 | 2.5 | 0 | 12.5 | 0 | 0 | Mirabal2009[7] |
| Latvians | IE (Baltic) | 114 | 39.5 | — | 0.9 | — | — | 42.1 | — | — | Laitinen2002[25] | |
| Latvians | IE (Baltic) | 34 | 15.0[13] | 41[13] | 7.0[13] | — | — | — | 32[13] | — | — | Rosser 2000[13] |
| Lithuanians | IE (Baltic) | 38 | 5.0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | [13] |
| Lithuanians | IE (Baltic) | 114 | — | 36.0 | — | 0.9 | — | — | 43.0 | — | — | Laitinen2002[25] |
| ethnic Macedonians | IE (Slavic, South) | 211 | 11.4 | 14.2 | 31.3 | 18.0 | 16.0 | 3.8 | 0.5 | 1.9 | L=0.5 | Noveski2010[34] |
| ethnic Macedonians | IE (Slavic, South) | 79 | 5.1 | 15.2 | 34.2 | 24.1 | 12.7 | 5.1 | — | — | — | Pericic2005[3] |
| Macedonians (Skopje) | IE (Slavic, South) | 52 | 13.5 | 13.5 | 28.8 | 23.1 | 11.5 | 3.8 | — | — | — | Bosch2006[4] |
| Maltese | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) | 187 | 22.0 | 5.0 | 9.0 | 6.0 | — | 9.0 | — | 0.0 | — | Zalloua2008[31] |
| Mari | Uralic (Finnic) | 111 | 2.7 | 47.7 | 8.1 | — | — | — | 41.4 | — | — | [21] |
| Mari | Uralic (Finnic) | 48 | 10.4 | 29.2 | — | 0.0 | 6.3 | — | 50.0 | — | — | Rosser2000[13] |
| Moldavians (Karahasani) | IE (Italic) | 72 | 16.7 | 34.7 | 25.0 | 12.5 | 9.7 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 0.0 | — | Varzari2006[27] |
| Moldavians (Sofia) | IE (Italic) | 54 | 16.7 | 20.4 | 35.2 | 13.0 | 5.6 | 1.9 | 3.7 | 1.9 | — | Varzari2006[27] |
| Mordvins (Erzya) | Uralic (Finnic) | 46 | — | 39.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Malaspina2003[35] |
| Mordvins (Moksha) | Uralic (Finnic) | 46 | — | 21.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Malaspina2003[35] |
| Mordvins | Uralic (Finnic) | 83 | 13.3 | 26.5 | 19.3 | — | — | — | 19.3 | — | — | [21] |
| Norwegians | IE (Germanic, North) | 25.9[16] | 17.9[16] | 40.3[6] | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| Norwegians | IE (Germanic, North) | 52 | — | 30.8 | — | 1.9 | 1.9 | — | 3.8 | 0.0 | — | Rosser2000[13] |
| Orcadians | IE (Germanic, West) | 71 | 66.0 | 19.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Wilson2001[26] |
| Poles | IE (Slavic, West) | 16.4[2] | 56.4[2] | 17.8[6] | 4.0[8] | 1.0[8] | — | — | — | — | ||
| Poles | IE (Slavic, West) | 93 | 13.4 | 55.9 | 16.1 | — | — | — | 3.2 | — | — | [21] |
| Poles | IE (Slavic, West) | 913 | 11.6 | 57.0 | 17.3 | 4.5 | 2.5 | — | 3.7 | — | 3.3 | Kayser2005[28] |
| Portuguese | IE (Italic) | 303 | — | — | 5.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Portuguese (South) | IE (Italic) | 57 | 56.0 | 2.0 | — | 17.0 | — | — | — | — | — | Rosser2000[13] |
| Portuguese (North) | IE (Italic) | 328 | 62.0 | 0 | — | 11.0 | — | — | — | — | — | Rosser2000[13] |
| Romanians | IE (Italic) | 54 | 13.0 | 20.4 | 48.1 | 7.4 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | — | Varzari2006[27] |
| Romanians | IE (Italic) | 361 | — | — | 22.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Romanians (Constanţa) | IE (Italic) | 31 | 16.1 | 9.7 | 41.9 | 9.7 | 6.5 | 12.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 | — | Bosch2006[4] |
| Romanians (Ploieşti) | IE (Italic) | 36 | 8.3 | 5.6 | 38.9 | 16.7 | 19.4 | 8.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | — | Bosch2006[4] |
| Russians | IE (Slavic, East) | 122 | 6.6 | 46.7 | — | 6.6 | 4.1 | — | 18.0 | — | — | Rosser2000[13] |
| Russians | IE (Slavic, East) | 61 | 21.3 | 42.6 | 13.1 | — | — | — | 16.4 | — | — | [21] |
| Russians (Northern) | IE (Slavic, East) | 380 | 6.1 | 33.4 | 14.5 | 0.3 | 1.8 | 1.3 | 41.3 | 0.0 | — | Balanovsky2008[36] |
| Russians (Central) | IE (Slavic, East) | 364 | 7.7 | 47.0 | 16.5 | 5.2 | 3.3 | 0.0 | 17.0 | 0.8 | — | Balanovsky2008[36] |
| Russians (Adygea) | IE (Slavic, East) | 78 | — | — | 24.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Russians (Bashkortostan) | IE (Slavic, East) | 50 | — | — | 6.0 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Russians (Belgorod region) | IE (Slavic, East) | 143 | 2.8 | 59.4 | 16.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Balanovsky[36] |
| Russians (Cossacks) | IE (Slavic, East) | 97 | — | — | 22.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Russians (Kostroma region) | IE (Slavic, East) | 53 | — | — | 18.9 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Russians (North, Pinega) | IE (Slavic, East) | 127 | — | — | 4.7 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Russians (Smolensk region) | IE (Slavic, East) | 120 | — | — | 10.8 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Sami (Sweden) | Uralic (Finnic) | 38 | 7.9 | 15.8 | 31.6 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 44.7 | 0.0 | — | Karlsson2006[37] |
| Sami | Uralic (Finnic) | 127 | 3.9 | 11.0 | — | — | — | — | 47.2 | — | — | [21] |
| Sami | Uralic (Finnic) | — | — | 31.4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] | |
| Scots | IE (Celtic) | 750 | 72.5 | 8.5 | 14 | — | — | — | — | — | — | [38] |
| Sephardic Jews | Afro-Asiatic (Semitic) | 78 | 29.5 | 3.9 | 11.5 | 19.2 | 28.2 | — | — | — | — | Nebel2001[9] |
| Serbs | IE (Slavic, South) | 179 | 4.5 | 14.5 | 48 | 17.3 | 5.6 | 2.2 | 3.3 | — | L=0.6 | Mirabal,V.2010[39] |
| Serbs | IE (Slavic, South) | 113 | 10.6 | 15.9 | 36.3 | 21.2 | 8 | — | — | — | — | Pericic2005[3] |
| Serbs | IE (Slavic, South) | 103 | 7.8 | 20.4 | 37.9 | 18.4 | 7.8 | 5.8 | 1.9 | — | — | Regueiro2012[40] |
| Serbs (Bosnia) | IE (Slavic, South) | 81 | 6.2 | 13.6 | 40.7 | 22.2 | 9.9 | 1.2 | 6.2 | 0.0 | — | Battaglia2008[5] |
| Slovenians | IE (Slavic, South) | 75 | 21.3 | 38.7 | 30.7 | 2.7 | 4.0 | 2.7 | 0.0 | 0.0 | — | Battaglia2008[5] |
| Slovenian | IE (Slavic, South) | 70 | — | 37.1 | — | 7.1 | 5.7 | — | 0.0 | 0.0 | — | Rosser2000[13] |
| Slovenian | IE (Slavic, South) | 55 | — | — | 38.2 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Spanish | IE (Italic) | 126 | 68.0 | 2.0 | — | 10.0 | — | — | — | — | — | Rosser2000[13] |
| Ibiza islanders | IE (Italic) | 54 | 57.4 | 0.0 | 1.9 | 7.4 | — | 13.0 | — | 16.7 | — | Zalloua2008[31] |
| Majorca islanders | IE (Italic) | 62 | 66.1 | 0.0 | 8.1 | 6.2 | — | 6.2 | — | 1.6 | — | Zalloua2008[31] |
| Minorca islanders | IE (Italic) | 37 | 73.0 | 2.7 | 2.7 | 18.9 | — | 0.0 | — | 0.0 | — | Zalloua2008[31] |
| Spanish (South) | IE (Italic) | 162 | 65.0 | 2.0 | 6.0 | 9.0 | — | 4.0 | — | 0.0 | — | Zalloua2008[31] |
| Valencians | IE (Italic) | 73 | 64.0 | 3.0 | 10.0 | 11.0 | — | 1.0 | — | 1.0 | — | Zalloua2008[31] |
| Swedes(Northern) | IE (Germanic, North) | 48 | 22.9 | 18.8 | — | 2.1 | 2.1 | — | 8.3 | — | — | Rosser2000[13] |
| Swedes | IE (Germanic, North) | 110 | 20.0 | 17.3 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Helgason2000[16] |
| Swedes | IE (Germanic, North) | 225 | — | — | 40 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Swedes | IE (Germanic, North) | 160 | 13.1 | 24.4 | 37.5 | 1.3 | 0.0 | — | 14.4 | — | — | Lappalainen2008[41] |
| Swiss | IE (German/Italic) | 144 | — | — | 7.6 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
| Tatars | Altaic (Turkic) | 126 | 8.7 | 24.1 | 4.0 | — | — | — | 33.0 | — | — | [21] |
| Turks (Istanbul) | Altaic (Turkic) | — | — | — | 13.0 | 24.7 | — | — | — | — | Semino2004[8] | |
| Udmurt | Uralic (Finnic) | 87 | 2.3 | 10.3 | 1.1 | — | — | — | 85.1 | — | — | [21] |
| Ukrainians | IE (Slavic, East) | 50 | 2.0 | 54.0 | 18 | 4 | 6 | 4.0 | 6.0 | 2.0 | — | Semino2000[2] |
| Ukrainians | IE (Slavic, East) | — | — | 21.9[6] | 8.6[8] | 7.3[8] | — | — | — | — | ||
| Ukrainians | IE (Slavic, East) | 53 | 18.9 | 41.5 | 24.5 | — | 9.4 | 0.0 | 5.7 | 0.0 | — | Varzari2006[27] |
| Welsh(Anglesey) | IE (Celtic) | 88 | 89.0 | 1.0 | — | 3.0 | — | — | — | — | — | Wilson2001[26] |
| Welsh(Anglesey) | IE (Celtic) | 196 | — | — | 8.1 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Rootsi2004[6] |
Chronological development of haplogroups found in Europe
| Haplogroup | Possible time of origin | Possible place of origin | Highest frequencies |
| K | 40,000 years ago | South Asia or West Asia | |
| T | 30,000 years ago | West Asia | |
| J | 30,000 years ago | Middle East | |
| R | 28,000 years ago | Central Asia | |
| E1b1b-M35 | 26,000 years ago | East Africa | |
| I | 25,000 years ago | Balkans | |
| R1a1 | 21,000 years ago | Southern Russia | |
| R1b | 20,000 years ago | Around the Caspian Sea or Central Asia | |
| E1b1b-M78 | 18,000 years ago | Egypt/Libya | |
| G | 17,000 years ago | Between India and the Caucasus | |
| I2 | 17,000 years ago | Balkans | |
| J2 | 15,000 years ago | Mesopotamia | |
| I2b | 13,000 years ago | Central Europe | |
| N1c1 | 12,000 years ago | Siberia or Mongolia | 90% Yakuts |
| I2a | 11,000 years ago | Balkans | |
| R1b1b2 | 10,000 years ago | North or south of the Caucasus | |
| J1 | 10,000 years ago | Middle East | |
| E1b1b-V13 | 8,500 years ago | Balkans | |
| I2b1 | 9,000 years ago | Germany | |
| I2a1 | 8,000 years ago | Sardinia | |
| I2a2 | 2,500 years ago | Poland, Central Europe | |
| E1b1b-M81 | 5,500 years ago | Maghreb | |
| I1 | 5,000 years ago | Scandinavia | |
| R1b-L21 | 4,000 years ago | Central or Eastern Europe | |
| R1b-S28 | 3,500 years ago | around the Alps | |
| R1b-S21 | 3,000 years ago | Frisia or Central Europe | |
| I2b1a | < 3,000 years ago | Britain |
