Y-DNA Haplogroup O and its Subclades - 2016

The entire work is identified by the Version Number and date given on the Main Page.   Directions for citing the document are given at the bottom of the Main Page. Version History     Last revision date for this specific page: 19 August 2016

Because of continuing research, the structure of the Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree changes and ISOGG does its best to keep the tree updated with the latest developments in the field. The viewer may observe other versions of the tree on the Web. Email Ray Banks if the differences need clarification or if you find any broken links on this page.

LINKS:  Main Page   Y-DNA Tree Trunk   SNP Index   Papers/Presentations Cited   Glossary   Listing Criteria

SNP SYMBOLS:  Not on 2015 tree  Confirmed within subclade  Investigational items

^ Indicates a next-generation sequencing entry which does not yet meet quality guidelines for minimum number of reads.

^^ Indicates an entry which does not meet quality guidelines but may be helpful.

~ Indicates only an approximate location on the tree.

The criteria for a representative SNP printed in bold for a subclade is: traditional usage, testing one in multiple labs, and/or being found in the area of the chromosome used in recent research studies.

SNPs listed below in italics (colored black or red) are quality variants from next-generation sequencing reports consistently showing as representing that subgroup.

Contact Person for Haplogroup O: Owen Lu or Youngmin JeongAhn

Link to Experimental Composite Y-DNA Haplogroup O Tree by Ray Banks.

O   M175, CTS647, CTS874/M1530, CTS1182/M1740, CTS1658/M1746, CTS1853/M1747, CTS2340, CTS2419/M1748, CTS3283/M1749, CTS3771/M1750, CTS5118/M1752, CTS5493/M1753, CTS7498/M1758, CTS7553/M1759, CTS8384/M1762, CTS8746/M1763, CTS9039/M1766, CTS9544/M1767, CTS9577, CTS9602/M1768, CTS10784/M1779, CTS10995/M1780, CTS11955/M1781, F14/M1738, F45/M1739, F84/M1741, F137/M1743, F171/M1573, F175, F182/M1744, F282/M1359, F315/M1751, F355/M1754, F371/M1756, F380/M1757/S27659, F452/M1761, F478/M1764, F494/M1765, F537/M1769, F540, F546/M1770, F600/M1777, F614/M1778, F668/M1782, FGC12433, FGC12434, FCG12436, L1361/M1771, M1742, M1745, M1772, M1773, M1774, M1775, M1776, P186, P188, P191, P196, Z16962, Z16966 • O1   F265/M1354, CTS2866, F75/M1297, F429/M1415, F465/M1422 • • O1a   M119, CTS31, F589/Page20, L246, L466 • • • O1a1   B384/Z23193 • • • • O1a1a   M307.1/P203.1, CTS3422, CTS4351, CTS5059, CTS6864, CTS7015, CTS8229, CTS8875, CTS8934, CTS9321, CTS11688, F31, F54, F89, F303, F333, L83 • • • • • O1a1a1   F446, CTS4588, F560, FGC15381/K620/Z23389, K613/Z23387, K619/Z23388 • • • • • •  O1a1a1a   F140, CTS611, CTS3089, CTS3265, CTS3269, CTS11270, F157, F343, F424, F518, F571, FGC15382/Z23466, FGC15391/Y14275/Z23470, FGC15383/K625/Z23474, V68.2, Z23457 • • • • • • •  O1a1a1a1   F78, CTS3758, CTS10963, F168, F206 • • • • • • • •  O1a1a1a1a   F81 • • • • • • • • • O1a1a1a1a1   F533 • • • • • • • • • O1a1a1a1a1~CTS2458 • • • • • • • • • • O1a1a1a1a1a   F492, CTS2498, CTS2594, CTS4206, CTS5075, CTS11784^, F619, K629/Z23478 • • • • • • • • • • •  O1a1a1a1a1a1   F656, Z23481 • • • • • • • • • • •  O1a1a1a1a1a2~CTS409, CTS2245, CTS4924, CTS5922, CTS11553, K630/Z23504, Z23494, Z23495, Z23496, Z23499, Z23505 • • • • • • • • • • O1a1a1a1a1b   CTS4585, FGC15395/Y14269, FGC15397/Y14272, FGC15398/Y13987, FGC15399/Y13986, FGC15400/Y13989, FGC15401/Y13988, FGC15402/Y13984, FGC15409/Y13985, Y14273 • • • • • • •  O1a1a1a2~ B388, SK1533, Z39229/YP4610, Z39230/YP4600, Z39231/YP4601, Z39232/YP4603, Z39233/YP4605, Z39234/YP4607, Z39235/YP4609, Z39236/YP4611, Z39237/YP4612, Z39238/YP4613, Z39239/YP4614, Z39240/YP4615, Z39241/YP4616, Z39242/YP4617, Z39243/YP4618, Z39244/YP4619, Z39245/YP4620, Z39246/YP4621, Z39247/YP4602, Z39248/YP4604, Z39249/YP4608 • • • • • •  O1a1a1b   SK1568/Z23420 • • • • • • •  O1a1a1b1   M101 • • • • • • •  O1a1a1b2   Z23392, Z23404, Z23440 • • • • • • • •  O1a1a1b2a   Z23442 • • • • • • • • • O1a1a1b2a1   SK1571, Z39268 • • • • • O1a1a2   CTS52, CTS5880, CTS8423, CTS11785, F4084 • • • • • •  O1a1a2a   CTS701, CTS4115, CTS6217 • • • • • • •  O1a1a2a1   K644/Z23266, Z23269 • • • • O1a1b   CTS5726, CTS3085, CTS3400, CTS7370^, CTS8228^, CTS9138^, CTS9243^, CTS9540^, CTS11079, F819^, F1452, F1620.2, F2104, F2644^, F2852^, F3063, F3495, F3640, SK1589, Z39164, Z39165, Z39166^, Z39167, Z39168, Z39169, Z39170, Z39171^, Z39172^, Z39173, Z39174, Z39175^, Z39176, Z39177, Z39178, Z39179^, Z39180^, Z39181, Z39182, Z39183^, Z39184, Z39185, Z39186, Z39187, Z39188, Z39189, Z39180, Z39181, Z39182, Z39183, Z39184, Z39185, Z39186, Z39187, Z39188, Z39189, Z39190, Z39191, Z39192, Z39193, Z39194, Z39195, Z39196^, Z39197, Z39198^, Z39199^ • • • • O1a1b~ F2911 • • • O1a2   M110, F881, F908, F1081, F1608, F1880, F2340, F2380, F2635, F2671, F3134, F3152, F3157, F3214, M50, M103 • • • • O1a2a   F3288 • • • • • O1a2a1   B392, Z38606, Z38607, Z38608, Z38609, Z38610, Z38611 • • • • • •  O1a2a1a   B393, Z38612 • • • O1a3~Page109 • • O1b   M268, F138, F167/L690, F256/M1341, F292/M1363, F330/L463, F435/M1417, F516, P31 • • • O1b1   F2320, F3008/M1441, F3286/M1465 • • • • O1b1a   M1470 • • • • • O1b1a1   PK4, CTS6616/M1392, CTS7320/M1405, CTS7541/M1407, CTS7548/M1408, CTS8589/M1425, CTS9150, CTS11303, F722/M1279, F932/M1290, F1058/M1302, F1085/M1305, F1130/M1306, F1265.1/M1313.1, F1346/M1316, F1353/M1317, F1809/M1352, F2317, F2338.2/M1391.2, F3033.1/M1443.1/V4056.1/Z2838.1, F3424/M1489, F3439/M1494 • • • • • •  O1b1a1a   M95, F709, F987/M1300, F1931/M1362, F2176/M1376, F2254/M1383, F2917/M1436, F4233/M1404 • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1   F1803/M1348, CTS6251/M1384, M1310 • • • • • • • • O1b1a1a1a   F1252 • • • • • • • • • O1b1a1a1a1   F2924, CTS10077, CTS10240 • • • • • • • • • • O1b1a1a1a1a   M111, M88, CTS1163, F1120, F1643, F2346, F2454, F2524, F2554, F2861, F3055 • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1a1a1   F2758, CTS10965 • • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1a1a1a   Z24089 • • • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1a1a1a1   F923, F1108, F2411, F3671 • • • • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1a1a1a1a   CTS2022 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • O1b1a1a1a1a1a1a1   F1399, F3053 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1a1a1a1a1a   F2415, CTS3745, Z3955.1 • • • • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1a1a1a1b   Z24131 • • • • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1a1a1a1c   Z24100 • • • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1a1a1a2   SK1627/Z24091, Z24093 • • • • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1a1a1a2a   Z39410 • • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1a1a1b   Z24088 • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1a1a2   F2890 • • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1a1a2a   Z24048 • • • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1a1a2a1   Z24050 • • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1a1a2b   Z24014 • • • • • • • • • • O1b1a1a1a1b   CTS5854, Z23743, Z23744 • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1a1b1   Z23810 • • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1a1b1a   CTS7399, FGC19685, FGC19699 • • • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1a1b1a1   FGC19713/Y14026, Z23858 • • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1a1b1b   CTS651, CTS5267, CTS7642, CTS8722, CTS9915 • • • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1a1b1b1   CTS9884 • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1a1b2   F4229, Z23769, Z23795, Z23807 • • • • • • • • • O1b1a1a1a2   SK1630, SK1631, SK1632, SK1633 • • • • • • • • • • O1b1a1a1a2a   SK1636 • • • • • • • • O1b1a1a1b   F789/M1283, F2028/M1367, F2522/M1410, F3092, F3318/M1469, F4181/M1357 • • • • • • • • • O1b1a1a1b1   FGC29900/Y9322/Z23667 • • • • • • • • • • O1b1a1a1b1a   B426/FGC29896/Y9033/Z23671 , FGC29897/Y9320/Z23673, FGC29898/Y9036/Z23674, FGC29899/Y9034/Z23672 • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1b1a1   FGC29907/YP3930, SK1640/YP3931 • • • • • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a1b1a2   B427/Z23680, M6661 • • • • • • • • • • O1b1a1a1b1b   Z39485 , Z39486^, Z39487, Z39488, Z39489^ • • • • • • • • • • O1b1a1a1b1c   B418, Z39490 • • • • • • • • • O1b1a1a1b2   SK1646 • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a2   CTS350, CTS2549, CTS3471, CTS6531, CTS7187, CTS7270, CTS7809, CTS11962.2/Z2953.2 • • • • • • •  O1b1a1a3~Page103 • • • • • •  O1b1a1b   F838, CTS892 • • • • • • •  O1b1a1b1   F1199, F1309, F1685, F1742, F2189, F2445, F2995, F3353 • • • • • O1b1a2   Page59, CTS1456, CTS1719, CTS4040, CTS5528, CTS5745, CTS7643, F883, F888, F1098, F1485, F2117, F2290, F2601, F3016, F3079, F3445 • • • • • •  O1b1a2a   F993, CTS2335, CTS5445, CTS7866, CTS8849, CTS10154, CTS10437, CTS11033, F1484, F1669, F2120, F2124, F2131, F2383, F2414, F2590, F2771, F2862, F3036, F3135, F3217, F3262, SK1659, Z24391 • • • • • • •  O1b1a2a1   F1759, CTS5847, CTS8414, CTS11890, F2064, F3314, F3323, F3346, F3478, Z24393, Z24407 • • • • • • • • O1b1a2a1a   CTS1127 • • • • • •  O1b1a2b   F417/M1654, CTS7268, CTS10113, F1236, F1860, F1956, F2061, F2504, F2775, F3252, F3291, F3632 • • • • • • •  O1b1a2b1   F840, CTS250, CTS949, F984, FGC30073, Y10774 • • • • • • • • O1b1a2b1a   F1127, CTS10685, F1628, F1776, F2183 • • • • • • •  O1b1a2b2   CTS1451, CTS4475, CTS5284, CTS6503, CTS9341 • • • • • •  O1b1a2c   CTS9996 • • • O1b2   P49, M176/Page63/SRY465 • • • • O1b2a   F1942/Page92, IMS-JST022454, M302 • • • • • O1b2a1   CTS9259, CTS348, CTS9752, F2315, PF4474, Z24512, Z24520, Z24522, Z24553 • • • • • •  O1b2a1a   F1204, F1290, F1530, F1805, F2634, F2960, F3147, F3327, F3356, K10 • • • • • • •  O1b2a1a1   CTS713, CTS7776, CTS8032, CTS10145, CTS10341, CTS10674, CTS11723, CTS11986, K7 • • • • • • • • O1b2a1a1a   CTS1875, CTS7465, CTS8777 • • • • • • • • • O1b2a1a1a1   CTS10682, CTS1966, CTS3764.2, CTS3926, CTS6725, CTS7366, CTS8034, Z24596 • • • • • • • • O1b2a1a1b   Z24598, Z24599 • • • • • • • • O1b2a1a1c   CTS203, CTS6622, CTS9892 • • • • • • •  O1b2a1a2   F2868, F3110, K4 • • • • • • • • O1b2a1a2a   L682, CTS2734, CTS6803, CTS9322, K28 • • • • • • • • • O1b2a1a2a1   CTS723, Z24624 • • • • • • • • • • O1b2a1a2a1a   CTS7620, Z39506 • • • • • • • • O1b2a1a2b   F940, F1912, F3390 • • • • • • •  O1b2a1a3   CTS10687, F1800, F1813, F1823, F1877, F3821 • • • • • • • • O1b2a1a3a   CTS1215, CTS3729, F787, F867, F1553, F2026, F2604, F2767, F3065 • • • • • • O1b2a1b   CTS562, CTS3505, CTS10354 • • • • • O1b2ab~ Page90 • O2    M122, CTS10736, CTS10753, F36, F400, F433, F471, F633, P198 • • O2a   M324, CTS8153, CTS8399, F27, F71, F113, F129, F166, F341, F406, F572, P93/Page79, P197, P199, P200 • • • O2a1   L127.1, CTS5687, CTS7638, CTS11981, F51, F58, F95, F145, F159, F164, F170, F243, F272, F300, F304, F305, F412, F498, F573, F601, F642, F676, KL1/L465, KL2/L467 • • • • O2a1a   F1876/Page127, F964, F2159, F2726, F2789, F3143, F3169, F4102 • • • • • O2a1a1   F1867/Page124 • • • • • •  O2a1a1a   F2266 • • • • • • •  O2a1a1a1   L599, M121 • • • • • •  O2a1a1b   F854 • • • • • •  O2a1a1c~ Page130 • • • • • O2a1a2   F915, CTS7667, F1478, F1675, F1920, F2528, F2633, F2975, F3046, F3182, F3284, F3287, F3417, F3656, F3669, F4195, F4312, PF5390 • • • • • •  O2a1a2a   CTS1936, Z24782, Z24797, Z24818 • • • • • •  O2a1a2b   FGC33994, FGC34004, FGC34008, FGC34009, FGC34019, FGC34022, FGC34023, FGC34029 • • • • O2a1b~M164 • • • • O2a1c   IMS-JST002611, CTS1872, CTS2483, CTS5879, F61, F99, F240, F247, F302, F309, F460, F562 • • • • • O2a1c1   F18, CTS11342 • • • • • •  O2a1c1a   F11, F425/Page69 • • • • • • •  O2a1c1a1   F632, CTS4580 • • • • • • •  O2a1c1a1~Y21448 • • • • • • • • O2a1c1a1a   F110/M11115, CTS10716, F133, F434, F646, Y21437, Z25064, Z25065, Z25067, Z25068 • • • • • • • • • O2a1c1a1a1   F17, CTS3663, CTS4414, CTS5822, CTS11839, F357, F529, F620, F672 • • • • • • • • • • O2a1c1a1a1a   F377 • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a1c1a1a1a1   F1095, CTS7789, F1249, F1250, F1611, F2270, F2427, F2732 • • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a1c1a1a1a1a   F856 • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a1c1a1a1a2   CTS7501 • • • • • • • • • • O2a1c1a1a1b   F793, F1316, F2035, F2108, F3433 • • • • • • • • • O2a1c1a1a2   Y20932, Y20933, Y20934, Y20935, Y20936, Y20937, Y20938, Y20939, Y20940, Y20941, Y20942, Y20943, Y20944^, Y20945, Y20946, Y20947, Y20948^, Y20949, Y20950^, Y20951, Y21435, Y21438, Y21439, Y21440, Y21441, Y21442, Y21443, Y21444, Y21445, Y21446, Y21447, Z34692 • • • • • • •  O2a1c1a2   F38, F106, F136, F142, F178, F270, F286, F358, F381, F386, F475, F479, F485, F553, F592, F625, F1978, F3131, F3453 • • • • • • •  O2a1c1a3   F12, F196, F480, F659, F660 • • • • • • •  O2a1c1a4   F930, F1232, F2356, F2589 • • • • • • • • O2a1c1a4a   F2685 • • • • • • •  O2a1c1a5   F1365/M5420/PF1558, F921, F1676, F2109, F2180, F2213, F3232, F3452, F4062, Y15975, Y15976, Y15978, Y15979, Y15980, Y16154, Y16155 • • • • • • • • O2a1c1a5a   SK1686 • • • • • • •  O2a1c1a6   CTS12877, Z25165 • • • • • • • • O2a1c1a6a   F2527 • • • • • • • • • O2a1c1a6a1   CTS5409, CTS6236 • • • • • • • • • O2a1c1a6a2   F2941, F4073, F4119 • • • • • • •  O2a1c1a7   F723, F971, F972, F1210, F1351, F1422, F1638, F2357, F2560, F2719, F3042, F3103, F3270, F4171 • • • • • •  O2a1c1b   F449 • • • • • • •  O2a1c1b1   F238 • • • • • • • • O2a1c1b1a   F134, F271, F322 • • • • • • • • • O2a1c1b1a1   F1273, F1894, F2468, F3256, F3309, F3434 • • • • • • • • • O2a1c1b1a2   F724, F1156, F1336, F1910 • • • • • • •  O2a1c1b2   F1266, F1497, F2016, F4267 • • • • • O2a1c2   FGC3750/SK1673, L133.2/Page74.2 • • • O2a2   IMS-JST021354/P201, CTS8236, F525 • • • • O2a2a   M188 • • • • • O2a2a1   F2588, CTS3106, F2638 • • • • • • O2a2a1a   CTS445 , CTS11727, F2055, F2221, F2329, F2592, F3559 • • • • • • •  O2a2a1a1   CTS201 • • • • • • • • • O2a2a1a1a   M159/Page96 • • • • • • •  O2a2a1a2   M7, F2591, F2594, F2680, F3177, F3342, F3371, F4066, M209 • • • • • • • •  O2a2a1a2a   F1276, F1898, F2179, F2428, F2962, F3406, F4064, F4173 • • • • • • • • • O2a2a1a2a1   CTS6489 • • • • • • • • • • O2a2a1a2a1a   F1275, F2309, F3085 • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2a1a2a1a1   M113 • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2a1a2a1a2   N5, F1100, F1234, F1411, F3229, F3516 • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2a1a2a1a3   Z25400 • • • • • • • • • O2a2a1a2a2   F1863, F2079 • • • • • • • • • • O2a2a1a2a2a   F1134, F1992, F2332, F2480, F2612 • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2a1a2a2a1   F1262, F2208, F2515, F3469 • • • • • • O2a2a1b   F1837 , F2576, F2928, F4088, F4163 • • • • • O2a2a2   F879 • • • • • • O2a2a2a   F1226 • • • • • • •  O2a2a2a1   F2859, F2937 • • • • O2a2b   P164, CTS4723, CTS11109, CTS12099, F130, F131, F299, F422, F427 • • • • • O2a2b1   M134, F100/M1546 • • • • • • O2a2b1a   F450/M1667 • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a1   M117, Page23, CTS899/M1531, CTS1275/M1536, CTS3251, CTS5128/M1619, CTS6623/M1638, CTS11742/M1720, F141/M1564, F144, F235/M1587, F342/M1627, F373/M1636, F476/M1671, F579/M1692, F581, F584, F613/M1702, F649 • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a1a   M133, F8, F42 • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a1   F438 • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a1a   Y17728 • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a1a1   F155, CTS630, CTS1304, CTS2760, CTS11316, F201, F254, F276, F316, F414, F440, F541, F703, F6227, F6517, F6530, F6872, F6909^, F7446, F7447, F7556, F7973, F7994, F14281, F14428, F14445, F14663^, Y21365, Y21366, Y21367 • • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a1a1a1a   F813/M6539, Y21364 • • • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a1a1a1a1   Y20928 • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a1a2   F1754 • • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a1a1a2a   F2137, F2503, F2643 • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a1a3   Z25907, Z25908, Z25909 • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a2   FGC23469/Z25852 • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a2a   F310, F666, F692 • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a2a1   F402, F624 • • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a1a2a1a   F1531, F2781 • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a3   CTS7634 • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a3a   F317, F375, F474, F574, F869, F1401, F1707, F1870, F2000, F2188, F2494, F2631, F2845, F3212, F3431, F3455, Y16475, Y16476, Y16478, Y16479, Y16696 • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a3a1   F3039 • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a3b   CTS5488, PH3164, PH3555, Z39594 • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a4   Z25853 • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a4a   CTS5492, CTS4789, CTS5063, CTS7418, CTS8299, CTS12655 • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a4a1   CTS6987, Z25902, Z25903, Z25905 • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a5   CTS10738/M1707, CTS1017/M1532, CTS7316, M1543, M1694, M1726 • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a5a   CTS9678, CTS8848/M1672, CTS10804/M1708, CTS11844, M1540, M1541, M1575, M1586, M1624, M1650, M1698, M1701, M1722, M1732, Z25850 • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a5a1   Z39663, Z39664 • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a5b   A9457, A9458 • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a6   CTS4658, CTS1642, CTS9332 • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a6a   CTS5308 • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a6b   Z25928, Z25929, Z25930, Z25931 • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a6b1   SK1730/Z25982, Z25975, Z25981, Z25983, Z25984, Z25985, Z26000 • • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a1a6b1a   Z26030, Z26031 • • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a1a6b1b   Z26010, Z26012, Z26013, Z26014 • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a6b2   A9462, A9461, A9463, A9464, A9465, A9466, A9467, A9468 • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a1a6b3   B456, Z39703, Z39704, Z39705, Z39706, Z39707, Z39708 • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a1b   CTS4960, SK1717, SK1720, SK1721 • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a2   F114, CTS7655, F122, F274/Page125, F403, F430, F444, F499/Y19, F593, F701 • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a2a   F79, F314, F372, F629 • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a2a1   F46/Y15, CTS2643, CTS11192, CTS11459, F174, F323/Y17, F353, F388, F442, F502, F507/Y18, F532, F2039 • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a2a1a   FGC16847/Z26091 • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a2a1a1   F48, CTS326, CTS816, CTS1011, CTS3871, CTS11177, F163, F275, F523, F575 • • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a2a1a1a   F152, CTS1098, CTS8380, CTS9172, CTS9217, F279, F595, F700 • • • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a2a1a1a1   F2505 • • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a2a1a1b   CTS3149, CTS5323, CTS5443, CTS12551 • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a2a1a2   F242, CTS6493, CTS10286, CTS10401, CTS10888, CTS11492, F273, F563, F634, F1116 • • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a2a1a2a   CTS4266 • • • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a2a1a2a1   Z26108, Z26109, Z26110, Z26111, Z26112, Z26113 • • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a2a1a2b   F2173, F3580 • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a2a1a3   F2887, CTS3776, CTS9862 • • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a2a1a3a   F3607 • • • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a2a1a3a1   F3525 • • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a2a1a3b   CTS3763, FGC16857 • • • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a2a1a3b1   A9472 • • • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a2a1a3b2   FGC16863/Y7110 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a2a1a3b2a   L1360, FGC16864, FGC16866, FGC16867/Y13527, FGC16869/Y13528, FGC16948 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a2a1a3b2a1   FGC16889, FGC16891, FGC16913, FGC16946 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a2a1a3b2b   SK1768/Y7112/Z26257, CTS2083, CTS2119, CTS7323, FGC23839/Y7114/Z26259, FGC23841/Y7116/Z26268, Y7111/Z26256, Z26266 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a2a1a3b2b1   F4249, FGC1255, FGC23844, FGC23850, FGC23852, FGC23854, FGC23855, FGC23856, FGC23857, FGC23858, FGC23860, FGC23862, FGC23863, FGC23864, FGC23865, FGC23870, FGC23871, FGC23873, SK1769, SK1770, Y16776, Y16777, Y16778, Y16779 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a2a1a3b2b2   CTS335, CTS558, CTS2080.2, CTS2882, CTS3249, CTS5450, CTS7951, CTS8942, CTS10883, CTS11454 • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a2a1b   CTS53, CTS448, CTS610, CTS4696, CTS10819, CTS11910, SK1756/Z26318 • • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a2a1b1   CTS6373 • • • • • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a2a1b1a   A9473 • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a2a1c   F3386 • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a2a1d   F1739, F2903 • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a2b   F743, CTS1933, CTS2260, CTS8043, CTS10219, F1725, F1835, F2599, F2600, F3451 • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a2b1   CTS682, CTS2272, CTS4325, CTS4336, CTS5529, CTS7184, CTS7277, CTS8481, CTS8951, CTS11009 • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a2b2   F748, F823, F1448, F2093, F2095, F2212, F2236, F2530, F2795, F2974, F3279, F3383, F3440, F3505, F3579 • • • • • • • • • • O2a2b1a2b2a   F728, F1060, F2018, F2326 • • • • • • • •  O2a2b1a2c~ Page101 • • • • • O2a2b2   AM01822/F3223, AM01823/CTS1366/F3237, F996, F1481, F1598/S3543 • • • • • O2a2b2~ AM01747/F1672, AM01749/F1693, AM01770/F2029, AM01776/F2083, AM01777/F2139, AM01788/F2469, AM01800/F2683, AM01828/N6 • • • • • • O2a2b2a   AM01856/F871 • • • • • • •  O2a2b2a1   N7, F2472, F4079, F4286, F4328, F4329, F4333 • • • • • • • •  O2a2b2a1a   F4110, F4144 • • • • • • • • • O2a2b2a1a1   F4068 • • • • • • • •  O2a2b2a1b   F4124 • • • • • • • • • O2a2b2a1b1   IMS-JST008425p6 • • • • • • •  O2a2b2a2   AM01845/F706, AM01758/F1903, AM01814/F3069, F1645 • • • • • • • •  O2a2b2a2a   F717, F919, F976, F999 • • • O2a3~M300 • • • O2a4~M333 • •  O2b   F742, F1986, F4161 • • • O2b1   F1150, F4236 • • • • O2b1a   F837, F1770, F2244, F2247, F3338
NOTES:

• Identical SNPs that were discovered separately are listed in alphabetical order, not necessarily in the order of discovery, and separated by "/". Examples: M307.2/P203.2, M176/SRY465, DYS257,P27.2, P201/021354
• P164 is now defined to be an A to G mutation (rs17316007, Y-position 12511232) downstream of P201 and upstream of M134. P386 is now defined to be a T to C mutation downstream of M7. These snps were earlier confused. The tree is reorganized as of 24 June 2011.
• The L1 insertion (also known as LINE1) which appeared in previous versions of the tree is associated with subclades within sub-group O3 but has been observed to be absent due to recurrent deletions so is not included in the current version of the tree.
• MSY2.2 was removed from tree because not providing reliable results.
• 47z was removed from tree not meeting quality guidelines and replaced by equivalent CTS713.
• M312 was found by Kwon et al. (2015) not to provide results previously reported.
• M162_1, M162_2 removed from tree because not meeting quality guidelines.
• Mutations previously on tree but found so far only in one man or in closely related men:
• N8, N9, N10, N11 were discovered downstream of M175. Listed 6 Apr 2006.
• M297 is downstream from M95 and parallel to M88. Listed 7 August 2012.
• N4 is downstream from M113. Listed 7 August 2012.
• P386 is downstream from M7. Listed 7 August 2012.
• P103 is downstream from IMS-JST002611. Listed 18 July 2013.
• L681 has been found within L682. Listed 4 January 2016.
• L387.1 has been found within P201, Listed 4 January 2016.
Y-DNA haplogroup O probably originated in East Asia and later migrated into the South Pacific. The lineage expanded into Taiwan (high frequency in the aboriginal Taiwanese), Indonesia, Melanesia, Micronesia, and Polynesia.
O-M122 is the predominant sub-group in China. The O-F265 and O-PK4 lineages are found in Southeast Asian populations of Malaysia, Vietnam, Indonesia and southern China. The O-P49 sub-group is of high frequency in the Japanese and Korean populations.
References: Capredon et al, Tracing Arab-Islamic Inheritance in Madagascar: Study of the Y-chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA in the Antemoro. PLoS ONE 8(11): e80932. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0080932, 2013. Chen et al, Y Chromosome Genotyping and Genetic Structure of Zhuang Populations. (abstract) Acta Genetica Sinica, 33(12), 1060-72, 2006. Cinnioglu et al, Excavating Y-chromosome Haplotype Strata in Anatolia. (pdf) Human Genetics. 114:127-148, 2004. Cox M P & Lahr M M, Y-Chromosome Diversity Is Inversely Associated with Language Affiliation in Paired Austronesian- and Papuan-Speaking Communities from Solomon Islands. (pdf) American Journal of Human Biology, 18:35-50, 2006. Cruciani et al, A Back Migration from Asia to Sub-Saharan Africa Is Supported by High-Resolution Analysis of Human Y-Chromosome Haplotypes. American Journal of Human Genetics, 70:1197-1214, 2002. Dein et al, The Y Chromosome Landscape of the Philippines: Extensive Heterogeneity and Varying Genetic Affinities of Negrito and Non-Negrito Groups. (abstract) European Journal of Human Genetics, 19:224-30, 2011. Deng et al, Evolution and Migration History of the Chinese Population Inferred from the Chinese Y-chromosome Evidence. (pdf) Journal of Human Genetics, 49:339-348, 2004. Dulik et al, Y-Chromosome Variation in Altaian Kazakhs Reveals a Common Paternal Gene Pool for Kazakhs and the Influence of Mongolian Expansions. (pdf) PLoS ONE, Vol. 6, Issue 3, e17548, 2011. Hallast et al, The Y-chromosome Tree Bursts into Leaf: 13,000 High-confidence SNPs Covering the Majority of Known Clades, Molecular Biology and Evolution, doi: 10.1093/molbev/msu327, 2014. Hammer et al, Dual Origins of the Japanese: Common Ground for Hunter-gatherer and Farmer Y Chromosomes. (abstract) Journal of Human Genetics, 51:47-58, 2006. Jin et al, Genetic Diversity of Two Haploid Markers in the Udegey Population from Southeastern Siberia. (abstract) American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 142:303-313, 2010. Jin et al, The Peopling of Korea Revealed by Analyses of Mitochondrial DNA and Y-Chromosomal Markers. PLoS One, vol 4(1):ed4210, 2009. Karafet et al, New Binary Polymorphisms Reshape and Increase Resolution of the Human Y-Chromosomal Haplogroup Tree. Abstract. Genome Research, published online April 2, 2008. Supplementary Material. Karafet et al, Paternal Population History of East Asia: Sources, Patterns, and Microevolutionary Processes. (pdf) American Journal of Human Genetics, 69:615-628, 2001. Karmin et al, A Recent Bottleneck of Y chromosome Diversity Coincides with a Global Change in Culture. Genome Research, doi: 10.1101/gr.186684.114, published online March 13, 2015. Kayser et al, The Impact of the Austronesian Expansion: Evidence from mtDNa and Y Chromosome Diversity in the Admiralty Islands of Melanesia. Molecular Biology Evolution, 25(7):1362-1374, 2008. Kayser et al, Independent Histories of Human Y Chromosomes from Melanesia and Australia. American Journal of Human Genetics, 68:173-190, 2001. Kayser et al, Melanesian and Asian Origins of Polynesians: mtDNA and Y-Chromosome Gradients across the Pacific. MBE Advance Access published August 21, 2006. Kayser et al. Reduced Y-Chromosome, but Not Mitochondrial DNA, Diversity in Human Populations from West New Guinea. American Journal of Human Genetics, 72:281-302, 2003. Kwon et al. Confirmation of Y Haplogroup Tree Topologies with Newly Suggested Y-SNPs for the C2, O2b and O3a Subhaplogroups. (abstract) Forensic Science International Genetics 19:42-6. doi: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2015.06.003, 19 November 2015. Li et al, Paternal Genetic Affinity between Western Austronesians and Daic Populations BMC Evolutionary Biology, Vol. 15(8), p. 146, 2008. Li et al, Substitution of Hainan Indigenous Genetic Lineage in the Utsat People, Exiles of the Champa Kingdom Journal of Systematics and Evolution, 51(3), 287-94. Lippold et al, Human Paternal and Maternal Demographic Histories: Insights from High-Resolution Y Chromosome and mtDNA Sequences. Investigative Genetics, 5(13):unpaginated, September 24, 2014. Magoon et al, Generation of High-resolution a priori Y-chromosome Phylogenies Using "Next-generation" Sequencing Data bioRxiv, doi: 10.1101/000802, December 13, 2013. Mohyuddin et al, Detection of Novel Y SNPs Provides Further Insights into Y Chromosomal Variation in Pakistan. Journal of Human Genetics, 2006. Mona et al, Patterns of Y-chromosome Diversity Intersect with the Trans-New Guinea Hypothesis. Mol Biol Evol. 2007 Sep 10; [Epub ahead of print] Naitoh S, et al, Assignment of Y-chromosomal SNPs Found in Japanese Population to Y-chromosomal Haplogroup tree. Journal of Human Genetics, 2013 Feb 7. doi: 10.1038/jhg.2012.159, 2013. Ning et al, Refined Phylogenetic Structure of an Abundant East Asian Y-Chromosomal Haplogroup O*-M134. (abstract) European Journal of Human Genetics. (abstract) [EPub ahead of print] doi:10.1038/ejhg.2015.183, 26 August 2015. Nonaka et al, Y Chromosomal Binary Haplogroups in the Japanese Population and their Relationship to 16 Y-STR Polymorphisms. (abstract) Annals of Human Genetics, 71:480-495, 2007. Park et al, Understanding the Y Chromosome Variation in Korea—Relevance of Combined Haplogroup and Haplotype Analyses. (abstract) International Journal of Legal Medicine, 126(4):589-99, 2012. Regueiro et al, Iran: Tricontinental Nexus for Y-Chromosome Driven Migration. (abstract) Human Heredity, Vol. 61, No 3, 132-143, 2006. Rootsi S, Human Y Chromosomal Variations in European Populations. (dissertation) Council of the Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Oct 2004. Rozen et al, Remarkably Little Variation in Proteins Encoded by the Y Chromosome's Single-Copy Genes, Implying Effective Purifying Selection. American Journal of Human Genetics. 2009 December 11; 85(6): 923-928. Scheinfeldt et al, Unexpected NRY Chromosome Variation in Northern Island Melanesia. Society for Molecular Biology, 2006. Sengupta et al, Polarity and Temporality of High Resolution Y-chromosome Distributions in India Identify Both Indigenous and Exogenous Expansions and Reveal Minor Genetic Influence of Central Asian Pastoralists. (pdf) American Journal of Human Genetics, 78:202-221, 2006. Shen et al, Reconstruction of Patrilineages and Matrilineages of Samaritans and other Israeli Populations from Y-Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Variation. (pdf) Human Mutation, 24:248-260, 2004. Shi et al, Y-Chromosome Evidence of Southern Origin of the East Asian-Specific Haplogroup O3-M122. (abstract) American Journal of Human Genetics. 77:408-419, 2005. Shi Yan et al, An Updated Tree of Y-chromosome Haplogroup O and Revised Phylogenetic Positions of Mutations P164 and PK4. European Journal of Human Genetics advance online publication 20 April 2011; doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2011.64 Su et al, Y-chromosome Evidence for a Northward Migration of Modern Humans into Eastern Asia during the Last Ice Age. (pdf) American Journal of Human Genetics, 65:1718-1724, 1999. Tan S, et al, Y-chromosome Polymorphisms Define the Origin of the Mang, an Isolated Population in China. Annals of Human Biology, Sep;34(5):573-581, 2007 Thangaraj et al, Genetic Affinities of the Andaman Islanders, a Vanishing Human Population. (pdf) Current Biology, 13:86-93, 2003. Trejaut et al, Taiwan Y-chromosomal DNA Variation and its Relationship with Island Southeast Asia. BMC Genetics, 15:77, 2014. Xue Y, et al, Male Demography in East Asia: A North-South Contrast in Human Population Expansion Times. (abstract) Genetics, 172:2431-2439, 2006 Xue et al, A Spatial Analysis of Genetic Structure of Human Populations in China Reveals Distinct Difference between Maternal and Paternal Lineages. European Journal of Human Genetics, 16:705-17, 2008. Wang et al, Late Neolithic Expansion of Ancient Chinese Revealed by Y chromosome Haplogroup O3a1c-002611. (abstract) Journal of Systematics and Evolution, 51:3, 24 Mar 2013. Wang et al, Inferring Human History in East Asia from Y Chromosomes. Investigative Genetics, doi: 10.1186/2041-2223-4-11, 2014. Wang et al, Genetic Structure of Qiangic Populations Residing in the Western Sichuan Corridor. PLoS One, 9:8:e103772. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103772, 2014. Yan et al, Y chromosomes of 40% Chinese Descend from Three Neolithic Super-Grandfathers. PLoS One, 9:8:e103772. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103772, 2014. 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Additional Resources: ISOGG Wiki - What you need to know about Genetic Genealogy. O Y-Haplogroup Project, Denis Grigoriev, Youngmin JeongAhn, Sastrosudharmo, Asan Kaygy, Owen Lu.
Corrections/Additions made since 1 January 2016:

• Added AM01822, AM01823, AM01856, S3543, AM01828, F2472, F4079, F4286, F4328, F4329, F4333, F4110, F4144, F4068, F4124, IMS-JST008425p6 to tree; moved F1672, F1693, F2029, F2083, F2139, F2469, F2683 from tree to tree investigation; added AM01747, AM01749, AM01770, AM01776, AM01777, AM01788, AM01800 to tree investigation; moved N6 from Private SNPs to tree investigation; moved N7 from Private SNPs to tree on 1 January 2016.
• Added AM01845, AM01758/F1903, AM01814, F717, F919, F976, F999, F742, F1986, F4161, F1150, F4236, F837, F1770, F2244, F2247, F3338 to tree; removed F2654 not meeting quality guidelines on 2 January 2016.
• Added FGC23469/Z25852, F310, F666, F692, F402, F624, F1531.1, F2781, CTS7634, F317, F375, F474, F574, F869, F1401, F1707, F1870, F2000, F2188, F2494, F2631, F2845, F3212, F3431, F3455, Y16475, Y16476, Y16478, Y16479, Y16696, F3039, CTS5488, PH3164, PH3555, Z39594 to tree; moved M164, M300, M333 from Provisional to Tree Investigation; moved SK1533, B388, Z39229/YP4610, Z39230/YP4600, Z39231/YP4601, Z39232/YP4603, Z39233/YP4605, Z39234/YP4607, Z39235/YP4609, Z39236/YP4611, Z39237/YP4612, Z39238/YP4613, Z39239/YP4614, Z39240/YP4615, Z39241/YP4616, Z39242/YP4617, Z39243/YP4618, Z39244/YP4619, Z39245/YP4620, Z39246/YP4621, Z39247/YP4602, Z39248/YP4604, Z39249/YP4608, CTS409, CTS2245, CTS4924, CTS5922, CTS11553, K630/Z23504, Z23494, Z23495, Z23496, Z23499, Z23505, F2911, Page101, Page130, Page90, Page103, L246, L466 from SNPs under Investigation to Tree Investigation; moved L681, L387.1 from SNPs under Investigation to Private; removed L247.1/S293.1 not meeting quality guidelines on 4 January 2016.
• Moved L246, L466 from Tree Investigation to Tree; added Ning et al (2015), Kwon et al (2015), Zhang et al (2014), Wang et al (2014), Zeng et al (2014), Trejaut et al (2014), Yan et al (2013), Li et al (2012), Karmin et al (2015), Hallast et al (2014), Lippold et al (2014) to bibliography on 5 Janaury 2016.
• Added Z25853, CTS5492, CTS4789, CTS5063, CTS7418, CTS8299, CTS12655, CTS6987, Z25902, Z25903, Z25905 to tree on 7 January 2016.
• Added CTS10738/M1707, CTS1017/M1532, CTS7316, M1543, M1694, M1726, CTS9678, CTS8848/M1672, CTS10804/M1708, CTS11844, M1540, M1541, M1575, M1586, M1624, M1650, M1698, M1701, M1722, M1732, Z25850, Z39663, Z39664, A9457, A9458 to tree on 11 January 2016.
• Added CTS9259, CTS348, CTS9752, F2315, PF4474, Z24512, Z24520, Z24522, Z24553 to tree on 12 January 2016.
• Added CTS4658, CTS1642, CTS9332, CTS5308, Z25928, Z25929, Z25930, Z25931, SK1730/Z25982, Z25975, Z25981, Z25983, Z25984, Z25985, Z26000, Z26030, Z26031, Z26010, Z26012, Z26013, Z26014, A9462, A9461, A9463, A9464, A9465, A9466, A9467, A9468, B456, Z39703, Z39704, Z39705, Z39706, Z39707, Z39708 to tree on 14 January 2016.
• Added F629, FGC16847/Z26091, F48, CTS326, CTS816, CTS1011, CTS3871, CTS11177, F163, F275, F523, F575, F152, CTS1098, CTS8380, CTS9172, CTS9217, F279, F595, F700, F2505, CTS3149, CTS5323, CTS5443, CTS12551, F242, CTS6493, CTS10286, CTS10401, CTS10888, CTS11492, F273, F563, F634, F1116, CTS4266, Z26108, Z26109, Z26110, Z26111, Z26112, Z26113, F2173, F3580 to tree on 18 January 2016.
• Removed CTS7942/M1760, CTS12865/M1783, F14/M1738, F663, L101, Z16951, Z16952, Z16953, Z16954, Z16955, Z16956, Z16957, Z16958, Z16959, Z16960, Z16961, Z16963, Z16964, Z16965, Z16967 not meeting quality guidelines on 20 January 2016.
• Added F2887, CTS3776, CTS9862, F3607, F3525, CTS3763, FGC16857, A9472, FGC16863/Y7110, L1360, FGC16948, FGC16864, FGC16866, FGC16867/Y13527, FGC16869/Y13528, FGC16889, FGC16891, FGC16913, FGC16946, SK1768/Y7112/Z26257, CTS2083, CTS2119, CTS7323, FGC23839/Y7114/Z26259, FGC23841/Y7116/Z26268, Y7111/Z26256, Z26266, F4249, FGC1255, FGC23844, FGC23850, FGC23852, FGC23854, FGC23855, FGC23856, FGC23857, FGC23858, FGC23860, FGC23862, FGC23863, FGC23864, FGC23865, FGC23870, FGC23871, FGC23873, SK1769, SK1770, Y16776, Y16777, Y16778, Y16779, CTS335, CTS558, CTS2080, CTS2882, CTS3249, CTS5450, CTS7951, CTS8942, CTS10883, CTS11454 to tree on 3 February 2016.
• Added CTS53, CTS448, CTS610, CTS4696, CTS6373, CTS10819, CTS11910, SK1756/Z26318, A9473, F3386, F1739, F2903 to tree on 15 February 2016.
• Added CTS2260, CTS8043, CTS10219, F1725, CTS682, CTS2272, CTS4325, CTS4336, CTS5529, CTS7184, CTS7277, CTS8481, CTS8951, CTS11009, F748, F823, F1448, F2093, F2095, F2212, F2236, F2530, F2795, F2974, F3279, F3383, F3440, F3505, F3579, F728, F1060, F2018, F2326, CTS1127, SK1630, SK1631, SK1632, SK1633, SK1636 to tree on 25 February 2016.
• Added F2924, CTS10077, CTS10240 to tree on 26 February 2016.
• Added intermediate subgroup under P49 on 5 March 2016.
• Removed S27129 wrong mutation info from hap O on 20 March 2016.
• Added CTS630, CTS2760, CTS11316, F541, F703, F6227, F6517, F6530, F6872, F6909, F7446, F7447, F7556, F7973, F7994, F14281, F14428, F14445, F14663, Y21365, F813/M6539, Y20928, CTS4580, CTS10716, Y21437, Z25064, Z25064, Z25067, Z25068, Y20932, Y20933, Y20934, Y20935, Y20936, Y20937, Y20938, Y20939, Y20940, Y20941, Y20942, Y20943, Y20944, Y20945, Y20946, Y20947, Y20948^, Y20949, Y20950, Y20951, Y21435, Y21438, Y21439, Y21440, Y21441, Y21442, Y21443, Y21444, Y21445, Y21446, Y21447, Z34692 to tree; added Y21364, Y21366, Y21637, Y21448 to tree investigation on 6 June 2016.
• Added FGC33994, FGC34004, FGC34008, FGC34009, FGC34019, FGC34022, FGC34023, FGC34029 to tree on 13 June 2016.
• Added F533 to tree; added CTS2458 to tree investigation on 19 September 2016.



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