Y-DNA Haplogroup P and its Subclades - 2016

The entire work is identified by the Version Number and date given on the Main Page.   Directions for citing the document are given at the bottom of the Main Page. Version History     Last revision date for this specific page: 8 June 2016

Because of continuing research, the structure of the Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree changes and ISOGG does its best to keep the tree updated with the latest developments in the field. The viewer may observe other versions of the tree on the Web. Email Ray Banks if the differences need clarification or if you find any broken links on this page.

LINKS:  Main Page   Y-DNA Tree Trunk   SNP Index   Papers/Presentations Cited   Glossary   Listing Criteria

SNP SYMBOLS:  Not on 2015 tree  Confirmed within subclade  Investigational items

^ Indicates a next-generation sequencing entry which does not yet meet quality guidelines for minimum number of reads.

^^ Indicates an entry which does not meet quality guidelines but may be helpful.

~ Indicates only an approximate location on the tree.

The criteria for a representative SNP printed in bold for a subclade is: traditional usage, testing one in multiple labs, and/or being found in the area of the chromosome used in recent research studies.

SNPs listed below in italics (colored black or red) are quality variants from next-generation sequencing reports consistently showing as representing that subgroup.

Contact Person for Haplogroup P: Ray Banks

P ^{or K2b2}   P295/PF5866/S8, F91/PF5862/V231 P~ ^{or K2b2a~} CTS196/PF5845, CTS216/M1184/PF5846, CTS655/M5586/PF5858, CTS1907/M1204/PF5894/YSC0001257, CTS3135/M1206/PF5898, CTS3358/M1210/PF5900, CTS3446/M1211/PF5902, CTS3697/M1212/PF5904, CTS3736/M1213/PF5905, CTS3775/M1214/PF5906, CTS3813/M1215/PF5491, CTS3861, CTS4944/M1218/PF5909, CTS5418/M1222/PF5912, CTS5673/M1225/PF5497/YSC0001285, CTS5808/M1226/PF5915, CTS5884/M1228/PF5917, CTS6948/M1231/PF5922, CTS7194/M1232/PF5923, CTS7244/M1233/PF5924, CTS7481/M1234/PF5926, CTS7604/M1235/PF5928, CTS7886/M1236/PF5929, CTS8356/M1237/PF5931, CTS8626/M1239/PF5934, CTS9162/L1185/M1241/PF5937, CTS9604/M1244/PF5942, CTS10081/M1249/PF5947, CTS10085/M1250/PF5948, CTS10168/M1149, CTS10348/M1252/PF5950, CTS10454/M1253, CTS10859/M1269, CTS12028/M1272/PF5977, CTS12524/PF5988, CTS12648/M1276/PF5512, F4/M1183/PF5991, F29/L821/M5579/PF5857, F83/M1185/PF5861, F115/M1189/PF5870, F180/M1196/PF5881, F212/M1198/PF5885, F313/M1219, F332/M1224/PF5914, F344/M1227/PF5916, F359/M1229/PF5920, F506/M1243/PF5940, F521/M1247/PF5944, F521/M1247/PF5944, F524/M1248/PF5945, F536/M1251/PF5949, F556/PF5951, F640/M1271/PF5975, F647/M1273/PF5978, F671/M1274/PF5981, F680/M1275/PF5984, F1660/PF5889, FGC285, L82/PF5972, M1109, M1160/PF5958, M1186/PF5864, M1187/PF5865, M1188/PF5869, M1190/PF5871, M1191/Y474, M1192/PF5872, M1193/PF5876, M1194/PF5878, M1195/PF5880, M1197/PF5883, M1199/PF5886, M1207/Y44, M1216/PF5908, M1240/PF5936, M1246/PF5943/V3732, M1254/PF6062, M1255/PF5952, M1256/PF5954, M1257/PF5955, M1258/PF6066, M1259/PF5956, M1260/PF5957, M1261/PF5959, M1262/PF5961, M1263/PF5964, M1264/YSC0000227, M1265/PF5965, M1267/Y507, PF5481, PF5483, PF5511, PF5867, PF5882, PF5887, PF5888, PF5935, PF5982, PF5985 • P1 ^{or K2b2a}   M45/PF5962, F1857/P337/Page83/PF5901, M74/N12/PF5963, P226/PF5879, P228/PF5927, P230/PF5925, P235/PF5946, P237/PF5873, P239/PF5930, P243/PF5874, P244/PF5896, P281/PF5941, P282/PF5932, P283/PF5966, P284 • P1~ ^{or K2b2a~} L138, L268, L405/PF5990, L471/PF5989, L536/PF5860, L721/PF6020, L741/PF5960/YSC0000297, L768/PF5976/YSC0000274, L779/PF5907/YSC0000251, L781/PF5875/YSC0000255 • P2~ B253, Z33760, Z33761, Z33762, Z33763 • • Q ^{or K2b2a1}   M242 • • R ^{or K2b2a2}   M207/Page37/UTY2, etc.
NOTES:

• Identical SNPs that were discovered separately are listed in alphabetical order, not necessarily in the order of discovery, and separated by "/". Examples: M74/N12, P27.1/P207, M207/UTY2, M306/S1.

Y-DNA haplogroup P, an offshoot of Haplogroup K2b, originated in Central Asia some 35,000 years ago; sites in Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and southern Siberia have been offered as the likely point of first appearance. Haplogroup P is best represented by its two immediate subclades, haplogroups Q and R, which expanded to become the dominant haplogroups in, respectively, the Americas and Europe.
P1-M74 or M45 has been found in n. Philippines, India, China (Maks, Ai Cham, Biao, Then, Uygurs, Tibetans, Hans), Taiwan (Pyuma),
      Indonesia (Batak, Malay, Minangkabau, Kaili, Alor), Romania (Szeklers), Scandinavia,
      Iran (Bakhtiari, Arabs) Pakistan (Burushos), Melanesia, Jordan
It is not clear that all these men were verified negative for the haplogroup Q subgroup.
P2-B253 was identified in the Philippines (Agtas)
References:
Behar et al, Contrasting Patterns of Y Chromosome Variation in Ashkenazi Jewish and Host Non-Jewish European Populations. (pdf) Hum Genet 114:354-365, 2004. Behar et al, Genome-Wide Structure of the Jewish People. Nature, 446:238-42, 2010. Bortolini et al, Y-Chromosome Evidence for Differing Ancient Demographic Histories in the Americas. American Journal of Human Genetics, 73:524-539, 2003. Capelli et al, Population Structure in the Mediterranean Basin: A Y Chromosome Perspective. (pdf) Annals of Human Genetics, 2005. Dein et al, The Y Chromosome Landscape of the Philippines: Extensive Heterogeneity and Varying Genetic Affinities of Negrito and Non-Negrito Groups. (abstract) European Journal of Human Genetics, 19:224-30, 2011. Deng et al, Evolution and Migration History of the Chinese Population Inferred from the Chinese Y-chromosome Evidence. (pdf) Journal of Human Genetics, 49:339-348, 2004. Derenko et al, Contrasting patterns of Y-Chromosome variation in South Siberian populations from Baikal and Altai-Sayan regions, Human Genetics 118: 591-604, 2006. Flores et al, Reduced Genetic Structure of the Iberian Peninsula Revealed by Y-chromosome Analysis: Implications for Population Demography. (pdf) European Journal of Human Genetics, 12:855-863, 2004. Karafet et al, Improved Phylogenetic Resolution and Rapid Diversification of Y-chromosome Haplogroup K-M526 in Southeast Asia. European Journal of Human Genetics, 1-5, 2014. Karafet et al, New Binary Polymorphisms Reshape and Increase Resolution of the Human Y-Chromosomal Haplogroup Tree. Abstract. Genome Research, published online April 2, 2008. Supplementary Material. Kayser et al. Reduced Y-Chromosome, but Not Mitochondrial DNA, Diversity in Human Populations from West New Guinea. American Journal of Human Genetics, 72:281-302, 2003. Kivisild et al, The Genetic Heritage of the Earliest Settlers Persists in Both Indian Tribal and Caste Populations. (pdf) American Journal of Human Genetics, 72:313-332, 2003. Nasidze et al, MtDNA and Y-chromosome Variation in Kurdish Groups. (abstract) Annals of Human Genetics, 69:401-412, 2005. Rootsi et al, Phylogenetic Applications of Whole Y-chromosome Sequences and the Near Eastern Origin of Ashkenazi Levites. Nature Communications 4, Article number: 2928, doi:10.1038/ncomms3928, 2013. Rozen et al, Remarkably Little Variation in Proteins Encoded by the Y Chromosome's Single-Copy Genes, Implying Effective Purifying Selection. American Journal of Human Genetics. 2009 December 11; 85(6): 923-928. Shen et al, Reconstruction of Patrilineages and Matrilineages of Samaritans and other Israeli Populations from Y-Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Variation. (pdf) Human Mutation, 24:248-260, 2004. Su et al, Y-chromosome Evidence for a Northward Migration of Modern Humans into Eastern Asia during the Last Ice Age. (pdf) American Journal of Human Genetics, 65:1718-1724, 1999. Thangaraj et al, Genetic Affinities of the Andaman Islanders, a Vanishing Human Population. (pdf) Current Biology, 13:86-93, 2003. Xue et al, A Spatial Analysis of Genetic Structure of Human Populations in China Reveals Distinct Difference between Maternal and Paternal Lineages. European Journal of Human Genetics, 16:705-17, 2008.
Additional Resources: ISOGG Wiki - What you need to know about Genetic Genealogy.
Corrections/Additions made since 1 January 2016:

• Moved L138, L268, L471/PF5989, L536/PF5860, L721/PF6020, L741/PF5960/YSC0000297, L768/PF5976/YSC0000274, L779/PF5907/YSC0000251, L781/PF5875/YSC0000255 from SNPs under Investigation to Tree Investigation.
• Removed P240/PF5897, P27.1_1/P207_1, P27.1_2, 92R7_1, 92R7_2 not meeting quality guidelines on 22 January 2016.
• Added B253, Z33760, Z33761, Z33762, Z33763, CTS196/PF5845, CTS216/M1184/PF5846, CTS655/M5586/PF5858, CTS1907/M1204/PF5894/YSC0001257, CTS3135/M1206/PF5898, CTS3358/M1210/PF5900, CTS3446/M1211/PF5902, CTS3697/M1212/PF5904, CTS3736/M1213/PF5905, CTS3775/M1214/PF5906, CTS3813/M1215/PF5491, CTS3861, CTS4944/M1218/PF5909, CTS5418/M1222/PF5912, CTS5673/M1225/PF5497/YSC0001285, CTS5808/M1226/PF5915, CTS5884/M1228/PF5917, CTS6948/M1231/PF5922, CTS7194/M1232/PF5923, CTS7244/M1233/PF5924, CTS7481/M1234/PF5926, CTS7604/M1235/PF5928, CTS7886/M1236/PF5929, CTS8356/M1237/PF5931, CTS8626/M1239/PF5934, CTS9162/L1185/M1241/PF5937, CTS9604/M1244/PF5942, CTS10081/M1249/PF5947, CTS10085/M1250/PF5948, CTS10168/M1149, CTS10348/M1252/PF5950, CTS10454/M1253, CTS10859/M1269, CTS12028/M1272/PF5977, CTS12524/PF5988, CTS12648/M1276/PF5512, F4/M1183/PF5991, F29/L821/M5579/PF5857, F83/M1185/PF5861, F115/M1189/PF5870, F180/M1196/PF5881, F212/M1198/PF5885, F313/M1219, F332/M1224/PF5914, F344/M1227/PF5916, F359/M1229/PF5920, F506/M1243/PF5940, F521/M1247/PF5944, F521/M1247/PF5944, F524/M1248/PF5945, F536/M1251/PF5949, F556/PF5951, F640/M1271/PF5975, F647/M1273/PF5978, F671/M1274/PF5981, F1660/PF5889, L82/PF5972, L268, L536/PF5860, F680/M1275/PF5984, FGC285, L721/PF6020, L741/PF5960/YSC0000297, L768/PF5976/YSC0000274, L779/PF5907/YSC0000251, L781/PF5875/YSC0000255, M45/PF5962, M1109, M1160/PF5958, M1186/PF5864, M1187/PF5865, M1188/PF5869, M1190/PF5871, M1191/Y474, M1192/PF5872, M1193/PF5876, M1194/PF5878, M1195/PF5880, M1197/PF5883, M1199/PF5886, M1207/Y44, M1216/PF5908, M1240/PF5936, M1246/PF5943, M1254/PF6062, M1255/PF5952, M1256/PF5954, M1257/PF5955, M1258/PF6066, M1259/PF5956, M1260/PF5957, M1261/PF5959, M1262/PF5961, M1263/PF5964, M1264, M1265/PF5965, M1267/Y507, P295/PF5866/S8, PF5481, PF5483, PF5511, PF5867, PF5882, PF5887, PF5888, PF5935, PF5982, PF5985 to tree investigation on 23 January 2016.
• Removed FGC210, V1079, PF5899, V3240, PF6061, FGC219, V1195, V1651, PF6027, YSC0000966, YSC0000279, PF6035, V2979, YSC0000176, YSC0000205, V3732, YSC0000270 because not correct mutation info for haplogroup P on 21 March 2016.
• Added gropgraphical distribution information on 8 June 2016..

Back to Main Page Back to Y-DNA Tree Trunk Back to SNP Index Back to Papers/Presentations Cited Back to Glossary Back to Listing Criteria Copyright 2016. International Society of Genetic Genealogy. All Rights Reserved.

источник