The entire work is identified by the Version Number and date given on the
Main Page. Directions for citing the document are given at
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Version History Last
revision date for this specific page: 11 May 2016
Because of continuing research, the structure of the Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree changes and ISOGG
does its best to keep the tree updated with the latest developments
in the field. The viewer may observe other versions of the tree on the Web. Email
Ray Banks if the differences need
clarification or if you find any broken links on this page.
| LINKS: Main Page Y-DNA Tree Trunk SNP Index Papers/Presentations Cited Glossary Listing Criteria |
| SNP SYMBOLS: Not on 2015 tree Confirmed within subclade Investigational items |
^ Indicates a next-generation sequencing entry which does not yet meet quality guidelines for minimum number of reads.
^^ Indicates an entry which does not meet quality guidelines but may be helpful.
~ Indicates only an approximate location on the tree.
The criteria for a representative SNP printed in bold for a subclade is: traditional usage, testing one
in multiple labs, and/or being found in the area of the chromosome used in recent research studies.
SNPs listed below in italics (colored black or red) are quality variants from next-generation sequencing reports consistently
showing as representing that subgroup.
Contact people for Haplogroup Q: Leonard Trujillo and
Vladimir Gurianov
Link to Experimental Composite Y-DNA Haplogroup Q Tree by Ray Banks.
Q M242, CTS3727/L808/M1105, CTS4717/M997, CTS7532/M1133, F826/M1064, F1237.1/M1077.1/V2083.1, F1293/M1080/V2215, F1728/M1092, F1829/M992/Z801, F2603/M1020, F3067/M1150, F4052/M1063, FGC1751, FGC1753/Y1984, FGC1754/Y1987, FGC1755, FGC1757/Y2000, FGC1985, FGC4603/Y1972, FGC6793, FGC7649/Y2365, FGC12193, M1047, M1074, M1154, M1163, M1166 • Q1 L232/S432, L273.1/M2690.1, L274 • Q1~P36.2 • • Q1a MEH2, F903/L472, CTS97/M1062, CTS511/M1065/Z796, CTS1845/M1087, CTS2006/M1088, CTS3122/M1100, CTS3717/M1104, CTS4793, CTS4849/M1111, CTS5301/M1117/Z804, CTS5804/M1122, CTS6354/M1126, CTS7056/M1131, CTS7611/M1134, CTS7686/M1136, CTS10772/M1170, CTS11133/M1173, F1304/M1081, F1426/M1083, F2360/M1128, F2656/M1140, F2676/L528, F2790/M1142, F2840/M1144, FGC6786/Y2465, FGC6787, FGC6788/Y2466, FGC6789/Y2467, FGC6790/Y2464, FGC6792/Y2468, FGC6794/Y2475, FGC8092, FGC8413, FGC8415, FGC10649, M1085, M1155, M1158, M1165, M1168, M1169 • • • Q1a1 F1096, F844, F1215, F1251, F2371, F2786, F3243, SK1914, Y587, Y588, Y592, Y601, Y604, Y627, Y663, Y664, Y692, Y706, Z19218, Z19219, Z19220, Z19221, Z19222, Z19223 • • • • Q1a1a F746/NWT01 • • • • • Q1a1a1 M120, M265/N14 • • • • • Q1a1a1~ F745, F818, F1062, F1111, F1202, F1298, F1303, F1340, F1505, F1522, F1523, F1626, F1762, F1830, F1843, F1861, F1908, F1966, F2054, F2086, F2094, F2743, F2753, F3019, F3022, F3419, F3513, F3625, F4164, F4295 • • • • Q1a1b M25, M143 • • • • Q1a1b~ L697.2, L714, L716 • • • • • Q1a1b1 L712 • • • • • • Q1a1b1a L713, L715, M365.3 • • • Q1a2 M346, L56/S324, L57, CTS2656/L892, F2122/L942, F3773/L474 • • • Q1a2~ L717, L718 • • • • Q1a2a L53/S326, L55, L213, L331, L475, L476 • • • • Q1a2a~ CTS2869/Z800, Z797, Z798, Z802, Z803, Z805, Z806 • • • • • Q1a2a1 L54 • • • • • • Q1a2a1a CTS11969/M930, CTS11970 • • • • • • • Q1a2a1a1 M3, L341.2 • • • • • • • • Q1a2a1a1a M19 • • • • • • • • Q1a2a1a1b M194 • • • • • • • • Q1a2a1a1c M199, P106, P292 • • • • • • • • Q1a2a1a1d L663 • • • • • • • • Q1a2a1a1e SA01 • • • • • • • • Q1a2a1a1f L766 • • • • • • • • Q1a2a1a1g~ CTS4795/Z776, CTS9220/Z773, CTS10359/Z774, L767, L888, L889, L890, L891, Z768, Z769, Z770, Z771, Z772, Z775 • • • • • • • Q1a2a1a2 L804, L805 • • • • • • • Q1a2a1a3~ L400, L401, L456 • • • • • • Q1a2a1b CTS1780/M981, M971/Z780, CTS2730/M988 • • • • • • • Q1a2a1b1 L191 • • • • • • • Q1a2a1b2 L569, L570, L571 • • • • • • • • Q1a2a1b2a~ L567, L619.1 • • • • • • Q1a2a1c L330, L334 • • • • • • • Q1a2a1c1 L329, L332, L333 • • • • • Q1a2a2~ L565, L568, Z777, Z778, Z779, Z781, Z782, Z783, Z786, Z787, Z788, Z789, Z790, Z791, Z792, Z793, CTS10848/Z794, Z795 • • • • Q1a2b F835/L940 • • • • Q1a2b~ F1161, F1513, F1872, F2125, F3567 • • • • • Q1a2b1 L527, L529.1, L639 • • • • • Q1a2b2 L933, L938, L941 • • • • • • Q1a2b2a L205.2/L939.2/S239.2 • • • • • • Q1a2b2a~ L932, L934, L935, L936, L937 • • • • Q1a2c M323.1 • • Q1b L275, F108, F711/L612, F713, F753, F803, F815, F911, F1082, F1126, F1169, F1205, F1280, F1337, F1406, F1528, F1537, F1858, F1875, F1924, F1974, F2023, F2145, F2250, F2313, F2343, F2440, F2532, F2593, F2628, F2657, F2777, F2851, F2894, F2934, F3084, F3121, F3193, F3207, F3389, F3621, F3675, F3680, FGC1762/Y1979, FGC7652/Y1992, L314, L606, M10886, Y1014, Y1015, Y1017, Y1018, Y1019, Y1020, Y1021, Y1022, Y1024, Y1025, Y1026, Y1027, Y1028, Y1029, Y1030, Y1032, Y1033, Y1034, Y1035, Y1036, Y1037, Y1038, Y1039, Y1040, Y1041, Y1042, Y1043, Y1044, Y1045, Y1046, Y1047, Y1048, Y1049, Y1050, Y1051, Y1052, Y1053, Y1054, Y1055, Y1056, Y1057, Y1059, Y1060, Y1061, Y1062, Y1063, Y1064, Y1065, Y1066, Y1067, Y1068, Y1069, Y1070, Y1071, Y1072, Y1073, Y1074, Y1075, Y1076, Y1077, Y1078, Y1079, Y1080, Y1081, Y1082, Y1083, Y1084, Y1085, Y1086, Y1087, Y1088, Y1089, Y1090, Y1091, Y1092, Y1093, Y1094, Y1095, Y1096, Y1097, Y1098, Y1099, Y1100, Y1101, Y1102, Y1103, Y1104, Y1105, Y1106, Y1107, Y1108, Y1109, Y1110, Y1111, Y1112, Y1113, Y1114, Y1115, Y1116, Y1117, Y1118, Y1119, Y1120, Y1121, Y1122, Y1123, Y1124, Y1125, Y1126, Y1127, Y1128, Y1129, Y1130, Y1131, Y1132, Y1133, Y1134, Y1135, Y1136, Y1137.2, Y1139, Y1142, Y1153, Y1159, Y1160, Y1164, Y1166, Y1167, Y1169, Y1194, Y1195, Y1220, Y1240, Y1978, Y1980, Y1981, Y1982, Y1983, Y1986, Y1988, Y1989, Y1991, Y1993, Y1995, Y1996, Y2003, Y2005, Y2006, Y2007, Y2009, Y2239 • • • Q1b1 L214/S289, M378/Page100, F1213, F1349, F1594, F1734, F1780, F1836, F1839, F2230, F2877, FGC1758/Y2013, FGC1767/Y2079, FGC1768/Y2090, FGC1769/Y2102, FGC1770/Y2012, FGC1775/Y2018, FGC1776/Y2019, FGC1777/Y2020, FGC1779/Y2021, FGC1780/Y2022, FGC1781/Y2024, FGC1782/Y2026, FGC1783/Y2027, FGC1784/Y2028, FGC1785/Y2029, FGC1788/Y2031, FGC1789/Y2032, FGC1790/Y2033, FGC1791/Y2034, FGC1792/Y2035, FGC1794/Y2037, FGC1795/Y2038, FGC1796/Y2039, FGC1797/Y2040, FGC1798/Y2041, FGC1799/Y2042, FGC1801/Y2043, FGC1803/Y2044, FGC1804/Y2045, FGC1805/Y2046, FGC1807/Y2047, FGC1808/Y2049, FGC1809/Y2050, FGC1810/Y2051, FGC1812/Y2052, FGC1813/Y2053, FGC1814/Y2054, FGC1815/Y2055, FGC1817/Y2057, FGC1820/Y2058, FGC1825/Y2059, FGC1827/Y2060, FGC1830/Y2061, FGC1833/Y2062, FGC1834/Y2063, FGC1835/Y2064, FGC1836/Y2065, FGC1837/Y2066, FGC1838/Y2067, FGC1841/Y2068, FGC1842/Y2070, FGC1843/Y2071, FGC1844/Y2072, FGC1845/Y2073, FGC1850/Y2074, FGC1852/Y2075, FGC1854/Y2076, FGC1855/Y2080, FGC1856/Y2081, FGC1858/Y2082, FGC1861/Y2084, FGC1862/Y2085, FGC1863/Y2086, FGC1864/Y2087, FGC1865/Y2088, FGC1866/Y2089, FGC1869/Y2091, FGC1872/Y2092, FGC1873/Y2093, FGC1874/Y2094, FGC1875/Y2095, FGC1877/Y2097, FGC1881/Y2113, FGC1882/Y2114, FGC1887/Y2015, FGC1988/Y2017, FGC4606/Y2361, FGC7656/Y2115, FGC7660/Y2025, L215/Page82/S325, Y2048, Y2056, Y2096, Y2101, Y2110, Y2226, Y2227,Y2234, Y2242, Y2384 • • • • Q1b1a FGC1774/Y2016, FGC1793/Y2036 • • • • • Q1b1a1 L245, FGC1759/Y2119, FGC1771/Y2117, FGC1773/Y2118, FGC1778/Y2120, FGC1800/Y2121, FGC1802/Y2122, FGC1806/Y2123, FGC1811/Y2124, FGC1816/Y2125, FGC1821/Y2126, FGC1823/Y2127, FGC1824/Y2128, FGC1826/Y2129, FGC1828/Y2130, FGC1829/Y2131, FGC1831/Y2217, FGC1832/Y2132, FGC1839/Y2133, FGC1840/Y2134, FGC1846/Y2136, FGC1847/Y2137, FGC1848/Y2138, FGC1849/Y2139, FGC1851/Y2140, FGC1853/Y2141, FGC1857/Y2142, FGC1859/Y2143, FGC1860/Y2204, FGC1868/Y2199, FGC1870/Y2145, FGC1871/Y2146, FGC1878/Y2147, FGC1879/Y2148, FGC1883/Y2195, FGC1893/Y2230, FGC1901/Y2223, FGC1902/Y2222, FGC1987/Y2116, FGC1989/Y2144, FGC7661/Y2135, FGC7662/Y2149, Y2238_1, Y2238_2 • • • • • • Q1b1a1a FGC1904/Y2220, FGC1895/Y2228, FGC1925/Y2202, Y2229 • • • • • • • Q1b1a1a1 FGC1917/Y2209 • • • • • • • • Q1b1a1a1a FGC1897/Y2225, FGC1899/Y2224, FGC1906/Y2219, FGC1909/Y2218, FGC1911/Y2215, FGC1912/Y2213, FGC1915/Y2211, FGC1916/Y2210, FGC1918/Y2208, FGC1919/Y2207, FGC1921/Y2206, FGC1928/Y2201, FGC1934/Y2196, Y2214 • • • • • • • • • Q1b1a1a1a1 FGC1929/Y2200, FGC1886/Y2233, FGC1888/Y2232, FGC1890/Y2231, FGC1903/Y2221, FGC1910/Y2216, FGC1914/Y2212, FGC1923/Y2203, FGC4847, FGC7663, Y2352, Y2356, Y2595 • • • • • • • • • • Q1b1a1a1a1a FGC1933/Y2197, FGC1932/Y2198 • • • • • • • • • • • • Q1b1a1a1a1a1 FGC4846/Y2750, FGC4836/Y2746, FGC4854/Y2751, Y3026, Y3027, Y3028, Y3029, Y3030 • • • • • • • • • • • • Q1b1a1a1a1a2 FGC1905/Y2780, FGC1920/Y2754, FGC1930/Y2781 • • • • • • • • • • • • • Q1b1a1a1a1a2a FGC1898/YFS30117 • • • • • • • • • • • • Q1b1a1a1a1a3 YP1004,YP1005, YP1006, YP1007 • • • • • • • • • • • • • Q1b1a1a1a1a3a YP3924, YP3925, YP3926, YP4113, YP4114 • • • • • • • • • • Q1b1a1a1a1b YP1003 • • • • • • • • • • • • Q1b1a1a1a1b1 YP1071 • • • • • • • • • • • • • Q1b1a1a1a1b1a YP1010, YP1008, YP1011 • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Q1b1a1a1a1b1a1 YP1009, Y8394 • • • • • • • • • • • • • Q1b1a1a1a1b1b YP1035, YP1036 • • • • • • • • Q1b1a1a1b YP740, YP730, YP731, YP732, YP733, YP734, YP735, YP736, YP737, YP738, YP739, YP741, YP742, YP743, YP744 • • • • • • • Q1b1a1a2 YP745, YP746, YP747 • • • • • • • • Q1b1a1a2a YP1095 • • • • • • • • • Q1b1a1a2a1 YP1096, YP519.3, YP1097, YP4119> • • • • • • • • • • Q1b1a1a2a1a YP1236, YP1237, YP1238, YP1239, YP1240, YP1241, YP1242, YP1243, YP1244, YP1245, YP1246, YP1247, YP1248, YP1249, YP1250, YP1251, YP1252, YP4117, YP4118 • • • • • • • • Q1b1a1a2b YP1226 FGC34074/YP1227, Y11198, Y11199, YP1228, YP1229, YP1230, YP1231, YP1232, YP1233, YP1234, YP1255 • • • • • • Q1b1a1b~ L619.2 • • • • • • Q1b1a1c~ L315 • • • • Q1b1b FGC4620/Y2250, FGC4607/Y2247, FGC4613/Y2246, FGC4618/Y2248, FGC4619/Y2249, FGC4624/Y2251, FGC4626/Y2244, FGC4631/Y2255, FGC4635/Y2256, FGC4646/Y2263, FGC4656/Y2264, FGC4657/Y2265, FGC4659/Y2266, FGC4675/Y2269, FGC4676/Y2270, Y2245.1, Y2252, Y2257, Y2258, Y2259, Y2260, Y2261, Y2262 • • • • • Q1b1b1 FGC4888/Y2990, FGC4866/Y2987, FGC4868/Y2997, FGC4872/Y2986, FGC4884/Y2988, FGC4891/Y2776/Y2991/YFS25608, FGC4893/Y2992, FGC4896/Y2993, FGC4897/Y2994, FGC4904/Y2995, FGC4909/Y2996, FGC7967/Y2989, YP1106 • • • • • Q1b1b2 Y5185, Y5186 • • • • • • Q1b1b2a L301 • • • • Q1b1c~L327 • • • Q1b2 Y1150, Y1138, Y1140, Y1141, Y1143, Y1145, Y1146, Y1148, Y1151, Y1152, Y1154, Y1155, Y1156, Y1157, Y1158, Y1161, Y1162, Y1163, Y1168, Y1170, Y1171, Y1172, Y1173, Y1174, Y1176, Y1177, Y1178, Y1179, Y1181, Y1182, Y1183, Y1184, Y1185, Y1186, Y1187, Y1188, Y1189, Y1190, Y1191, Y1192, Y1196, Y1201, Y1202, Y1203, Y1204, Y1205, Y1206, Y1207, Y1208, Y1209, Y1210, Y1211, Y1212, Y1214, Y1215, Y1216, Y1217, Y1218, Y1219, Y1221, Y1222, Y1223, Y1224, Y1227, Y1229, Y1230, Y1231, Y1232, Y1233, Y1234, Y1235, Y1236, Y1237, Y1238, Y1239, Y1241, Y1242, Y1243, Y1244, Y1245, Y1246, Y1247, Y1248, Y1250, Y1251, Y1252, Y1253, Y1255, Y1257, Y1258, Y1259, Y1260, Y1261, Y1262, Y1263, Y1264, Y1265, Y1266, Y1267, Y1268, Y1269, YP505, YP748, YP749, YP750, YP751, YP752, YP753 • • • • Q1b2a Y1144, Y1147 • • • • • Q1b2a1 YP755, YP756, YP757, YP758, YP759, YP3940, YP3942 • • • • • • Q1b2a1a YP754, YP3941 • • • • • • • Q1b2a1a1 Y15624, Y15680/Z36068, YP3943, YP3944/Z36069, YP3945, YP3946, YP3947, YP3948, YP3949.1NOTES:
- Identical SNPs that were discovered separately are listed in alphabetical order, not necessarily in the order of discovery, and separated by "/". Example: M265/N14.
- Mutations previously on tree but found so far only in one man or in closely related men:
- P89.1 is downstream from MEH2. Listed 7 August 2012.
- L807 is downstream of L804; Pearson surname. Listed 4 May 2013.
- L272.1 is downstream from L245. Moved to private on 30 March 2014.
Y-DNA haplogroup Q arose in Central Asia and migrated through the Altai/Baikal region of northern Eurasia into the Americas. Today it is found in North Eurasia, with some exemplars in European populations. The Q-M3 sub-group is almost exclusively associated with Native American populations.
References:
Behar et al, Genome-Wide Structure of the Jewish People. Nature, 446:238-42, 2010. Bortolini et al, Y-Chromosome Evidence for Differing Ancient Demographic Histories in the Americas. American Journal of Human Genetics, 73:524-539, 2003. Cinnioglu et al, Excavating Y-chromosome Haplotype Strata in Anatolia. (pdf) Human Genetics. 114:127-148, 2004. Deng et al, Evolution and Migration History of the Chinese Population Inferred from the Chinese Y-chromosome Evidence. (pdf) Journal of Human Genetics, 49:339-348, 2004. Dulik et al, Mitochondrial DNA and Y Chromosome Variation Provides Evidence for a Recent Common Ancestry between Native Americans and Indigenous Altaians. (pdf) The American Journal of Human Genetics, doi: 10.1016/ajhg.2011.12.014, 2012(a). Dulik et al, Y-chromosome Analysis Reveals Genetic Divergence and New Founding Native Lineages in Athapaskan- and Eskimoan-speaking Populations. (pdf) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2012 May 29;109(22):8471-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1118760109. Epub May 14, 2012(b). Francalacci et al, Low-Pass DNA Sequencing of 1200 Sardinians Reconstructs European Y-Chromosome Phylogeny. Science: Vol. 341 no. 6145, pp. 565-569, DOI: 10.1126/science.1237947, 2 August 2013. Geppert et al, Hierarchical Y-SNP Assay to Study the Hidden Diversity and Phylogenetic Relationship of Native Populations in South America, Forensic Science International: Genetics, 6 Oct 2010. [Epub ahead of print] Gurianov et al, Phylogenetic Structure of Q-M378 Subclade Based on Full Y-Chromosome Sequencing, The Russian Journal of Genetic Genealogy, Rom 5, No 1.:84-102. 8 January 2014(a). Gurianov et al, The Update of the Phylogenetic Structure of Q1b Haplogroup Based on Full Y-chromosome Sequencing, The Russian Journal of Genetic Genealogy, Vol 6, No 1, 2014(b). Jota et al, A New Subhaplogroup of Native American Y-Chromosomes from the Andes. Abstract. Am J Phys Anthropol. 2011 Dec;146(4):553-9. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.21519. Epub Sep 13, 2011. Karafet et al, New Binary Polymorphisms Reshape and Increase Resolution of the Human Y-Chromosomal Haplogroup Tree. Abstract. Genome Research, published online April 2, 2008. Supplementary Material. Malhi et al, Distribution of Y Chromosomes among Native North Americans: A Study of Athapaskan Population History American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 137:412-24, 2008. Regueiro et al, Iran: Tricontinental Nexus for Y-Chromosome Driven Migration. (abstract) Human Heredity, Vol. 61, No 3, 132-143, 2006. Sengupta et al, Polarity and Temporality of High Resolution Y-chromosome Distributions in India Identify Both Indigenous and Exogenous Expansions and Reveal Minor Genetic Influence of Central Asian Pastoralists. (pdf) American Journal of Human Genetics, 78:202-221, 2006. Shen et al, Reconstruction of Patrilineages and Matrilineages of Samaritans and other Israeli Populations from Y-Chromosome and Mitochondrial DNA Sequence Variation. (pdf) Human Mutation, 24:248-260, 2004. Su et al, Y-chromosome Evidence for a Northward Migration of Modern Humans into Eastern Asia during the Last Ice Age. (pdf) American Journal of Human Genetics, 65:1718-1724, 1999. Underhill et al, Detection of Numerous Y Chromosome Biallelic Polymorphisms by Denaturing High-performance Liquid Chromatography. (Abstract) Genome Research, 7(10):996-1005, 1997 Oct.
Additional Resources: ISOGG Wiki - What you need to know about Genetic Genealogy. Y-chromosome DNA Haplogroup Q, Rebekah Canada. American Indian Q1a3a: the Q-M3 Haplogroup Project, Ana Oquendo Pabón. American Indian DNA Project, Glinda Seabaugh.
Corrections/Additions made since 1 January 2016:
- Moved L619.2, L717, L718, L932, L934, L935, L936, L937, F1161, F1513, F1872, F2125, F3567, L567, L619.1, L565, L568, Z777, Z778, Z779, Z781, Z782, Z783, Z786, Z787, Z788, Z789, Z790, Z791, Z792, Z793, CTS10848/Z794, Z795, CTS4795/Z776, CTS9220/Z773, CTS10359/Z774, L767, L888, L889, L890, L891, Z768, Z769, Z770, Z771, Z772, Z775, CTS2869/Z800, Z797, Z798, Z802, Z803, Z805, Z806, L697.2, L714, L716, F745, F818, F1062, F1111, F1202, F1298, F1303, F1340, F1505, F1522, F1523, F1626, F1762, F1830, F1843, F1861, F1908, F1966, F2054, F2086, F2094, F2743, F2753, F3019, F3022, F3419, F3513, F3625, F4164, F4295, L315, L327, L400, L401, L456 from SNPs under Investigation to tree investigation; moved P36.2 from Provisional to Tree Investigation on 6 January 2016.
- Substituted FGC1905 for FGC1924, and CTS4507 for FGC4507, correcting entry errors, on 21 Mar 2016.
- Removed Z1543.2 due to incorrect mutation info for haplogroup Q on 30 March 2016.
- Removed M5365/PF2412/Z17266 not meeting quality guidelines and other reasons on 16 April 2016.
- Removed Y1228 not meeting quality guidelines on 23 April 2016.
- Removed CTS4507/M1217 not meeting quality guidelines on 11 May 2016.
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