Pashtuns, Pathans, Afghans - The main group of
Southern, Eastern Afghanistan and Western Pakistan. May have formed as a
result of Eastern Iranian tribes from the Pamir mountains conquering
the Hindus Kush and assimilating the nearby Indo-Aryan tribes of
Gandhara. They have absorbed waves of Saka(Scythian), Hepthalite and
Turkish invasions. Their language, Pashto, is linguistically closest to
Pamiri languages in Northeast Afghanistan and Tajikistan such as
Yaghnobi, Munji and Ishkashemi. Pashto language descends from Avestan,
but has been influenced by Scythian and Indo-Aryan languages. They lie
genetically between South Asia and West Asia, but also have some
Northern European and East Asian genetic components.
Tajiks, Farsiwans - They are mainly found in Northern and Western Afghanistan. An Eastern Iranian people who absorbed many Western Iranian immigrants in the aftermath of the Islamic invasion. In earlier times, they dominated most of Central Asia. They originally spoke an Eastern Iranian language, but adopted Farsi after Western Iranians established the Samanid dynasty. Their language is called Dari, but is nearly the same as Farsi spoken in Iran. They are genetically close to Western Iranians, but also have Northern European components and a very strong East Asian genetic component.
Uzbeks - A major presence in Northern Afghanistan. Famous for their food, the Kabuli Palao, and their sport, Buzkashi. They are the genetic legacy of Turkish and Mongolian conquest. They descend from Tajiks who mixed with invading Mongols and Turks. The Uzbek language is Turkic and quite similar to Turkmen, Uyghur and Kazakh. They lie genetically between East Asia and West Asia with some South Asian admixture.
Hazaras - A major group in Central Afghanistan. They descend from soldiers of Genghis Khan during the Mongolian invasion. They retain the Shia religion and speak a language that is Persian combined with Mongolian loanwords. Genetically, they are similar to Uzbeks.
Nuristanis - A Dardic group living in Nuristan province in Eastern Afghanistan. An isolated group that is related to the Kalash of Pakistan. Their light hair and eyes may be an isolated development or a product of early migrations from Central Asia. Stand out because of their language and lack of pigmentation. They have yet to be analyzed genetically, but probably related to the Kalash, another Dardic group, of Pakistan.
Pashtuns:
.
Tajiks:
Uzbeks:
Hazaras:
Nuristanis:
Turkmen:
Kuchis:
источник
Tajiks, Farsiwans - They are mainly found in Northern and Western Afghanistan. An Eastern Iranian people who absorbed many Western Iranian immigrants in the aftermath of the Islamic invasion. In earlier times, they dominated most of Central Asia. They originally spoke an Eastern Iranian language, but adopted Farsi after Western Iranians established the Samanid dynasty. Their language is called Dari, but is nearly the same as Farsi spoken in Iran. They are genetically close to Western Iranians, but also have Northern European components and a very strong East Asian genetic component.
Uzbeks - A major presence in Northern Afghanistan. Famous for their food, the Kabuli Palao, and their sport, Buzkashi. They are the genetic legacy of Turkish and Mongolian conquest. They descend from Tajiks who mixed with invading Mongols and Turks. The Uzbek language is Turkic and quite similar to Turkmen, Uyghur and Kazakh. They lie genetically between East Asia and West Asia with some South Asian admixture.
Hazaras - A major group in Central Afghanistan. They descend from soldiers of Genghis Khan during the Mongolian invasion. They retain the Shia religion and speak a language that is Persian combined with Mongolian loanwords. Genetically, they are similar to Uzbeks.
Nuristanis - A Dardic group living in Nuristan province in Eastern Afghanistan. An isolated group that is related to the Kalash of Pakistan. Their light hair and eyes may be an isolated development or a product of early migrations from Central Asia. Stand out because of their language and lack of pigmentation. They have yet to be analyzed genetically, but probably related to the Kalash, another Dardic group, of Pakistan.
Pashtuns:
. Tajiks:
Uzbeks:
Hazaras:
Nuristanis:
Turkmen:
Kuchis:
источник
