EASTERN INDIAN
This reference population is based on samples collected from multiple populations living in eastern India. The 50% Southeast Asian component reflects mixing between populations from this region and those living in India, perhaps with the spread of rice agriculture or the Austroasiatic languages, such as Munda, and is found at highest frequency in eastern India. The 43% Southwest Asian component represents the first migration from Africa through southwest Asia to the Indian subcontinent. It is likely the oldest component in Indian populations today. The 2% Mediterranean component probably arrived with the spread of agriculture into India from the Fertile Crescent within the past 10,000 years. The 2% Oceanian and 2% Northern European percentages represent more recent interaction with people of European and Oceanian origin
SOUTHERN INDIAN
This reference population is based on samples collected from populations native to southern India. The 58% Southwest Asian component represents the first migration from Africa through Southwest Asia to the Indian subcontinent. It is likely the oldest component in Indian populations today. The 35% Southeast Asian component reflects mixing between populations from this region and those living in India, perhaps with the spread rice agriculture or the Austroasiatic languages, such as Munda, and is found at highest frequency in eastern India. The 4% Mediterranean component probably arrived with the spread of agriculture into India from the Fertile Crescent within the past 10,000 years. Southern Indian populations have only a 2% Northern European component, while northern Indian populations have on average around 5%, consistent with an arrival from the steppes to the north of India.
WESTERN INDIAN
This reference population is based on samples collected from populations native to western India. The 58% Southwest Asian component represents the first migration from Africa through Southwest Asia to the Indian subcontinent. It is likely the oldest component in Indian populations today. The 26% Southeast Asian component reflects mixing between populations from this region and those living in India, perhaps with the spread of rice agriculture or the Austroasiatic languages, such as Munda, and is found at highest frequency in eastern India. The 9% Mediterranean component probably arrived with the spread of agriculture into India from the Fertile Crescent within the past 10,000 years. The 6% Northern European percentage represents more recent interaction with people of ultimately European origin, perhaps via the ancient Indo-Iranian-speaking steppe nomads of central Asia, who are thought to have migrated into India around 3,500 years ago.
NORTHERN INDIAN
This reference population is based on samples collected from populations living in northern India. The 34% Southwest Asian component represents the first migration from Africa through Southwest Asia to the Indian subcontinent—it is likely the oldest component in Indian populations today. The 27% Southeast Asian component reflects mixing between populations from this region and those living in India, perhaps with the spread of rice agriculture or the Austroasiatic languages such as Munda, and is found at highest frequency in eastern India. The 6% Mediterranean component probably arrived with the spread of agriculture into India from the Fertile Crescent within the past 10,000 years. The 5% Northern European percentage represents more recent interaction with people of ultimately European origin, perhaps via the ancient Indo-Iranian-speaking steppe nomads of Central Asia, who are thought to have migrated into India around 3,500 years ago.
https://genographic.nationalgeographic.com/reference-populations/
This reference population is based on samples collected from multiple populations living in eastern India. The 50% Southeast Asian component reflects mixing between populations from this region and those living in India, perhaps with the spread of rice agriculture or the Austroasiatic languages, such as Munda, and is found at highest frequency in eastern India. The 43% Southwest Asian component represents the first migration from Africa through southwest Asia to the Indian subcontinent. It is likely the oldest component in Indian populations today. The 2% Mediterranean component probably arrived with the spread of agriculture into India from the Fertile Crescent within the past 10,000 years. The 2% Oceanian and 2% Northern European percentages represent more recent interaction with people of European and Oceanian origin
SOUTHERN INDIAN
This reference population is based on samples collected from populations native to southern India. The 58% Southwest Asian component represents the first migration from Africa through Southwest Asia to the Indian subcontinent. It is likely the oldest component in Indian populations today. The 35% Southeast Asian component reflects mixing between populations from this region and those living in India, perhaps with the spread rice agriculture or the Austroasiatic languages, such as Munda, and is found at highest frequency in eastern India. The 4% Mediterranean component probably arrived with the spread of agriculture into India from the Fertile Crescent within the past 10,000 years. Southern Indian populations have only a 2% Northern European component, while northern Indian populations have on average around 5%, consistent with an arrival from the steppes to the north of India.
WESTERN INDIAN
This reference population is based on samples collected from populations native to western India. The 58% Southwest Asian component represents the first migration from Africa through Southwest Asia to the Indian subcontinent. It is likely the oldest component in Indian populations today. The 26% Southeast Asian component reflects mixing between populations from this region and those living in India, perhaps with the spread of rice agriculture or the Austroasiatic languages, such as Munda, and is found at highest frequency in eastern India. The 9% Mediterranean component probably arrived with the spread of agriculture into India from the Fertile Crescent within the past 10,000 years. The 6% Northern European percentage represents more recent interaction with people of ultimately European origin, perhaps via the ancient Indo-Iranian-speaking steppe nomads of central Asia, who are thought to have migrated into India around 3,500 years ago.
NORTHERN INDIAN
This reference population is based on samples collected from populations living in northern India. The 34% Southwest Asian component represents the first migration from Africa through Southwest Asia to the Indian subcontinent—it is likely the oldest component in Indian populations today. The 27% Southeast Asian component reflects mixing between populations from this region and those living in India, perhaps with the spread of rice agriculture or the Austroasiatic languages such as Munda, and is found at highest frequency in eastern India. The 6% Mediterranean component probably arrived with the spread of agriculture into India from the Fertile Crescent within the past 10,000 years. The 5% Northern European percentage represents more recent interaction with people of ultimately European origin, perhaps via the ancient Indo-Iranian-speaking steppe nomads of Central Asia, who are thought to have migrated into India around 3,500 years ago.
https://genographic.nationalgeographic.com/reference-populations/
